Оптимизация перспективной структуры энергосистемы на основе алгоритма роя частиц
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24160/0013-5380-2026-2-40-50Ключевые слова:
PSO, эволюционные алгоритмы, оптимизация, структура энергосистем, структура генерирующих мощностей, планирование развития электроэнергетики, разностное уравнение, сходимостьАннотация
Формирование оптимальной (рациональной) перспективной структуры является важнейшей задачей долгосрочного планирования развития электроэнергетики. Решение этой задачи определяет требуемый объем ввода генерирующих мощностей по типам электростанций на долгосрочную перспективу с учетом прогнозируемого роста потребления и технико-экономических показателей различных технологий производства электрической энергии. По результатам оптимизации перспективной структуры ЕЭС России определяются параметры Энергетической стратегии России (в части электроэнергетики) и состав проектов, включаемых в Генеральную схему размещения объектов электроэнергетики. В статье дана постановка рассматриваемой задачи и представлен алгоритм ее решения, выполненный на основе алгоритма оптимизации роя частиц (Particle Swarm Optimization – PSO). Рассмотрен выбор параметров PSO, используемого при оптимизации перспективной структуры энергосистем. Принцип работы алгоритма PSO представлен с использованием линейных разностных уравнений. На основе условия сходимости решения указанных уравнений и с учетом анализа характерных траекторий поиска оптимальных решений сформированы рекомендации по выбору параметров PSO. Выполнены тестовые расчеты, подтверждающие эффективность предложенных рекомендаций.
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