Опыт создания ВТСП-2 кольцевых обмоток возбуждения синхронного генератора большой мощности
Ключевые слова:
высокотемпературный сверхпроводник второго поколения, сверхпроводящая обмотка, критический ток, синхронный генератор
Аннотация
НИЦ «Курчатовский институт» – ИФВЭ разработал технологию изготовления круглых обмоток из высокотемпературного сверхпроводника второго поколения (ВТСП-2 ленты). Совместно с МАИ были разработаны и изготовлены две обмотки возбуждения для модели синхронного генератора из ВТСП-2 ленты в собственных криостатах. При этом был разработан метод нанесения на ВТСП-2 ленту электрической изоляции, состоящей из слоев полиимидной пленки суммарной толщиной 26 мкм. Изоляция обеспечивает достаточную электрическую прочность при напряжении 2500 В и давлении до 5 кг/см2 включительно. На промежуточном этапе изготовления после намотки катушек и нанесения бандажа качество изготовления обмоток было проконтролировано путем измерения критического тока обмоток при погружении в ванну с жидким азотом. На заключительном этапе обмотки, находящиеся в собственных криостатах, охлаждались жидким азотом в прокачном режиме. При охлаждении обмоток до рабочей температуры перепад давления потока криагента составлял 0,02 МПа, при этом время охлаждения заняло около 1 ч. Найдено граничное значение тока, при котором будет сохраняться устойчивая работа обмоток. Этот ток составляет 116 и 126 А для первой и второй обмотки соответственно, что превышает расчетный рабочий ток при использовании этих обмоток в модели генератора. Изготовлена и испытана экспериментальная модель синхронного генератора с этими ВТСП-2 обмотками, применяемыми в качестве обмоток осевого возбуждения. При испытаниях измерены характеристика холостого хода генератора, а также его нагрузочная и регулировочная характеристики. Результаты испытаний соответствуют расчетным.
Литература
1. Larbalestier D. et al. High-Tc Superconducting Materials for Electric Power Applications. – Nature, 2001, vol. 414, pp. 368–377, DOI: 10.1038/35104654.
2. Barnes P.N., Sumption M.D., Rhoads G.L. Review of High Power Density Superconducting Generators: Present State and Prospects for Incorporating YBCO Windings. – Cryogenics, 2005, vol. 45, pp. 670–686, DOI: 10.1016/j.cryogenics.2005.09.001.
3. Haran K.S. et al. High Power Density Superconducting Rotating Machines – Development Status and Technology Road-map. – Superconducting Science and Technology, 2017, vol. 30, DOI: 10.1088/1361 6668/aa833e.
4. Leveque J., Berger K., Douine B. Superconducting Motors and Generators. – High-Temperature Superconductors: Occurrence, Synthesis and Applications / Ed. by M. Miryala, M.R. Koblischka, New York, U.S.A.: Nova Science Publishers, 2018, Chapter 12, pp. 263–290.
5. Grilli F. et al. Superconducting Motors for Aircraft Propulsion: The Advanced Superconducting Motor Experimental Demonstrator Project. – Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2020, vol. 1590, No. 1, DOI: 10.1088/1742 6596/1590/1/012051.
6. Dezhin D.S. et al. Synchronous Motor with HTS-2G Wires. – Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2014, vol. 507, No. 3, DOI: 10.1088/1742 6596/507/3/032011.
7. Kozub S. et al. HTS Racetrack Coils for Electrical Machines. – Refrigeration Science and Technology, 2014, pp. 283–287.
8. Dezhin D.S. et al. Design and Testing of 200 kW Synchronous Motor with 2G HTS Field Rotor Coils. – IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 2017, vol. 87, DOI: 10.1088/1755 1315/87/3/032007.
9. Kovalev K.L. et al. 1 MVA HTS-2G Generator for Wind Turbines. – IOP Conference Series: Earth and Enviromental Science, 2017, vol. 87, DOI: 10.1088/1755 1315/87/3/032018.
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11. Samoilenkov S. et al. Customised 2G HTS Wire for Applications. – Superconductor Science and Technology, 2016, vol. 29, DOI: 10.1088/0953-2048/29/2/024001.
12. Balashov N.N. et al. Low-Resistance Soldered Joints of Commercial 2G HTS Wire Prepared at Various Values of Applied Pressure. – IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 2018, 28(4), DOI: 10.1109/TASC.2018.2806388.
13. Skarba M. et al. Thermal Cycling of (RE)BCO-Based Superconducting Tapes Joined by Lead-Free Solders. – Materials, 2021, vol. 14, No. 4, DOI: 10.3390/ma14041052.
14. Matras M., Fleiter J., Ballarino A. Measurement of Splice Resistance and Normal Zone Propagation Velocity in REBCO Tapes for the Superconducting Link of HL-LHC. – Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2020, 1559(1), DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/1559/1/012129.
15. Critical Current Characterisation of SuperOx YBCO 2G HTS Superconducting Wire [Электрон. ресурс], URL: https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/Critical_current_characterisation_of_SuperOx_YBCO_2G_HTS_superconducting_wire/13708690 (дата обращения 01.10.2024).
16. Kovalev K.L. et al. Brushless Superconducting Synchronous Generator with Claw-Shaped Poles and Permanent Magnets. – IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 2016, 26(3), DOI: 10.1109/TASC.2016.2528995
#
1. Larbalestier D. et al. High-Tc Superconducting Materials for Electric Power Applications. – Nature, 2001, vol. 414, pp. 368–377, DOI: 10.1038/35104654.
2. Barnes P.N., Sumption M.D., Rhoads G.L. Review of High Power Density Superconducting Generators: Present State and Prospects for Incorporating YBCO Windings. – Cryogenics, 2005, vol. 45, pp. 670–686, DOI: 10.1016/j.cryogenics.2005.09.001.
3. Haran K.S. et al. High Power Density Superconducting Rotating Machines – Development Status and Technology Road-map. – Superconducting Science and Technology, 2017, vol. 30, DOI: 10.1088/1361 6668/aa833e.
4. Leveque J., Berger K., Douine B. Superconducting Motors and Generators. – High-Temperature Superconductors: Occurrence, Synthesis and Applications / Ed. by M. Miryala, M.R. Koblischka, New York, U.S.A.: Nova Science Publishers, 2018, Chapter 12, pp. 263–290.
5. Grilli F. et al. Superconducting Motors for Aircraft Propulsion: The Advanced Superconducting Motor Experimental Demonstrator project. – Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2020, vol. 1590, No. 1, DOI: 10.1088/1742 6596/1590/1/012051.
6. Dezhin D.S. et al. Synchronous Motor with HTS-2G Wires. – Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2014, vol. 507, No. 3, DOI: 10.1088/1742 6596/507/3/032011.
7. Kozub S. et al. HTS Racetrack Coils for Electrical Machines. – Refrigeration Science and Technology, 2014, pp. 283–287.
8. Dezhin D.S. et al. Design and Testing of 200 kW Synchronous Motor with 2G HTS Field Rotor Coils. – IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 2017, vol. 87, DOI: 10.1088/1755 1315/87/3/032007.
9. Kovalev K.L. et al. 1 MVA HTS-2G Generator for Wind Turbines. – IOP Conference Series: Earth and Enviromental Science, 2017, vol. 87, DOI: 10.1088/1755 1315/87/3/032018.
10. Lee S. et al. Development and Production of Second Generation High Tc Superconducting Tapes at SuperOx and First Tests of Model Cables. – Superconductor Science and Technology, 2014, vol. 27, DOI: 10.1088/0953-2048/27/4/044022.
11. Samoilenkov S. et al. Customised 2G HTS Wire for Applications. – Superconductor Science and Technology, 2016, vol. 29, DOI: 10.1088/0953-2048/29/2/024001.
12. Balashov N.N. et al. Low-Resistance Soldered Joints of Commercial 2G HTS Wire Prepared at Various Values of Applied Pressure. – IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 2018, vol. 28, No. 4, DOI: 10.1109/TASC.2018.2806388.
13. Skarba M. et al. Thermal Cycling of (RE)BCO-Based Superconducting Tapes Joined by Lead-Free Solders. – Materials, 2021, vol. 14, No. 4, DOI: 10.3390/ma14041052.
14. Matras M., Fleiter J., Ballarino A. Measurement of Splice Resistance and Normal Zone Propagation Velocity in REBCO Tapes for the Superconducting Link of HL-LHC. – Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2020, vol. 1559, No. 1, DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/1559/1/012129.
15. Critical current characterisation of SuperOx YBCO 2G HTS superconducting wire [Electron. resource], URL: https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/Critical_current_characterisation_of_SuperOx_YBCO_2G_HTS_superconducting_wire/13708690 (Date of appeal 01.10.2024).
16. Kovalev K.L. et al. Brushless Superconducting Synchronous Generator with Claw-Shaped Poles and Permanent Magnets. – IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 2016, vol. 26, No. 3, DOI: 10.1109/TASC.2016.2528995
2. Barnes P.N., Sumption M.D., Rhoads G.L. Review of High Power Density Superconducting Generators: Present State and Prospects for Incorporating YBCO Windings. – Cryogenics, 2005, vol. 45, pp. 670–686, DOI: 10.1016/j.cryogenics.2005.09.001.
3. Haran K.S. et al. High Power Density Superconducting Rotating Machines – Development Status and Technology Road-map. – Superconducting Science and Technology, 2017, vol. 30, DOI: 10.1088/1361 6668/aa833e.
4. Leveque J., Berger K., Douine B. Superconducting Motors and Generators. – High-Temperature Superconductors: Occurrence, Synthesis and Applications / Ed. by M. Miryala, M.R. Koblischka, New York, U.S.A.: Nova Science Publishers, 2018, Chapter 12, pp. 263–290.
5. Grilli F. et al. Superconducting Motors for Aircraft Propulsion: The Advanced Superconducting Motor Experimental Demonstrator Project. – Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2020, vol. 1590, No. 1, DOI: 10.1088/1742 6596/1590/1/012051.
6. Dezhin D.S. et al. Synchronous Motor with HTS-2G Wires. – Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2014, vol. 507, No. 3, DOI: 10.1088/1742 6596/507/3/032011.
7. Kozub S. et al. HTS Racetrack Coils for Electrical Machines. – Refrigeration Science and Technology, 2014, pp. 283–287.
8. Dezhin D.S. et al. Design and Testing of 200 kW Synchronous Motor with 2G HTS Field Rotor Coils. – IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 2017, vol. 87, DOI: 10.1088/1755 1315/87/3/032007.
9. Kovalev K.L. et al. 1 MVA HTS-2G Generator for Wind Turbines. – IOP Conference Series: Earth and Enviromental Science, 2017, vol. 87, DOI: 10.1088/1755 1315/87/3/032018.
10. Lee S. et al. Development and Production of Second Generation High Tc Superconducting Tapes at SuperOx and First Tests of Model Cables. – Superconductor Science and Technology, 2014, vol. 27, DOI: 10.1088/0953-2048/27/4/044022.
11. Samoilenkov S. et al. Customised 2G HTS Wire for Applications. – Superconductor Science and Technology, 2016, vol. 29, DOI: 10.1088/0953-2048/29/2/024001.
12. Balashov N.N. et al. Low-Resistance Soldered Joints of Commercial 2G HTS Wire Prepared at Various Values of Applied Pressure. – IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 2018, 28(4), DOI: 10.1109/TASC.2018.2806388.
13. Skarba M. et al. Thermal Cycling of (RE)BCO-Based Superconducting Tapes Joined by Lead-Free Solders. – Materials, 2021, vol. 14, No. 4, DOI: 10.3390/ma14041052.
14. Matras M., Fleiter J., Ballarino A. Measurement of Splice Resistance and Normal Zone Propagation Velocity in REBCO Tapes for the Superconducting Link of HL-LHC. – Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2020, 1559(1), DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/1559/1/012129.
15. Critical Current Characterisation of SuperOx YBCO 2G HTS Superconducting Wire [Электрон. ресурс], URL: https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/Critical_current_characterisation_of_SuperOx_YBCO_2G_HTS_superconducting_wire/13708690 (дата обращения 01.10.2024).
16. Kovalev K.L. et al. Brushless Superconducting Synchronous Generator with Claw-Shaped Poles and Permanent Magnets. – IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 2016, 26(3), DOI: 10.1109/TASC.2016.2528995
#
1. Larbalestier D. et al. High-Tc Superconducting Materials for Electric Power Applications. – Nature, 2001, vol. 414, pp. 368–377, DOI: 10.1038/35104654.
2. Barnes P.N., Sumption M.D., Rhoads G.L. Review of High Power Density Superconducting Generators: Present State and Prospects for Incorporating YBCO Windings. – Cryogenics, 2005, vol. 45, pp. 670–686, DOI: 10.1016/j.cryogenics.2005.09.001.
3. Haran K.S. et al. High Power Density Superconducting Rotating Machines – Development Status and Technology Road-map. – Superconducting Science and Technology, 2017, vol. 30, DOI: 10.1088/1361 6668/aa833e.
4. Leveque J., Berger K., Douine B. Superconducting Motors and Generators. – High-Temperature Superconductors: Occurrence, Synthesis and Applications / Ed. by M. Miryala, M.R. Koblischka, New York, U.S.A.: Nova Science Publishers, 2018, Chapter 12, pp. 263–290.
5. Grilli F. et al. Superconducting Motors for Aircraft Propulsion: The Advanced Superconducting Motor Experimental Demonstrator project. – Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2020, vol. 1590, No. 1, DOI: 10.1088/1742 6596/1590/1/012051.
6. Dezhin D.S. et al. Synchronous Motor with HTS-2G Wires. – Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2014, vol. 507, No. 3, DOI: 10.1088/1742 6596/507/3/032011.
7. Kozub S. et al. HTS Racetrack Coils for Electrical Machines. – Refrigeration Science and Technology, 2014, pp. 283–287.
8. Dezhin D.S. et al. Design and Testing of 200 kW Synchronous Motor with 2G HTS Field Rotor Coils. – IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 2017, vol. 87, DOI: 10.1088/1755 1315/87/3/032007.
9. Kovalev K.L. et al. 1 MVA HTS-2G Generator for Wind Turbines. – IOP Conference Series: Earth and Enviromental Science, 2017, vol. 87, DOI: 10.1088/1755 1315/87/3/032018.
10. Lee S. et al. Development and Production of Second Generation High Tc Superconducting Tapes at SuperOx and First Tests of Model Cables. – Superconductor Science and Technology, 2014, vol. 27, DOI: 10.1088/0953-2048/27/4/044022.
11. Samoilenkov S. et al. Customised 2G HTS Wire for Applications. – Superconductor Science and Technology, 2016, vol. 29, DOI: 10.1088/0953-2048/29/2/024001.
12. Balashov N.N. et al. Low-Resistance Soldered Joints of Commercial 2G HTS Wire Prepared at Various Values of Applied Pressure. – IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 2018, vol. 28, No. 4, DOI: 10.1109/TASC.2018.2806388.
13. Skarba M. et al. Thermal Cycling of (RE)BCO-Based Superconducting Tapes Joined by Lead-Free Solders. – Materials, 2021, vol. 14, No. 4, DOI: 10.3390/ma14041052.
14. Matras M., Fleiter J., Ballarino A. Measurement of Splice Resistance and Normal Zone Propagation Velocity in REBCO Tapes for the Superconducting Link of HL-LHC. – Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2020, vol. 1559, No. 1, DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/1559/1/012129.
15. Critical current characterisation of SuperOx YBCO 2G HTS superconducting wire [Electron. resource], URL: https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/Critical_current_characterisation_of_SuperOx_YBCO_2G_HTS_superconducting_wire/13708690 (Date of appeal 01.10.2024).
16. Kovalev K.L. et al. Brushless Superconducting Synchronous Generator with Claw-Shaped Poles and Permanent Magnets. – IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 2016, vol. 26, No. 3, DOI: 10.1109/TASC.2016.2528995
