Первое в энергосистеме России токоограничивающее устройство на основе высокотемпературной сверхпроводимости
Ключевые слова:
высокотемпературная сверхпроводимость, токоограничивающее устройство, ток короткого замыкания, испытания, релейная защита, ВТСП ТОУ, программно-аппаратный комплекс реального времени, ПС 220/20 кВ «Мневники»
Аннотация
Применение токоограничивающих устройств на основе высокотемпературной сверхпроводимости (ВТСП ТОУ) является инновационным методом снижения уровня токов короткого замыкания в высоковольтных электрических сетях, позволяющим сократить количество точек деления электрической сети по условиям ограничения токов короткого замыкания (ТКЗ) и тем самым повысить пропускную способность сети и надежность электроснабжения потребителей. В то же время разработка таких устройств ставит перед энергетиками новые задачи, связанные с интеграцией данного оборудования в действующую энергосистему. В работе рассмотрен процесс внедрения и опытной эксплуатации пилотного проекта ВТСП ТОУ 220 кВ (производитель ЗАО «СуперОкс») на высоковольтной подстанции 220/20 кВ «Мневники» в Москве. При реализации проекта потребовалось проведение обширного комплекса научных исследований и испытаний для подтверждения характеристик новых устройств и возможности их применения в российских энергосистемах, применение цифровых технологий моделирования для проверки работоспособности средств релейной защиты, а также разработка новых методических документов для расчета ТКЗ и параметров релейной защиты. По итогам выполнения работ в конце 2019 г. состоялось включение ВТСП ТОУ на подстанции 220/20 кВ «Мневники». Последующая эксплуатация ВТСП ТОУ в 2019–2020 гг. полностью подтвердила заявленные характеристики устройства и правильность выбранных технических решений.
Статья посвящена особенностям процесса интеграции нового устройства в действующую энергосистему и представляет основные конструктивные и технические решения, результаты испытаний и эксплуатации устройства, а также возможные перспективы развития технологии ВТСП ТОУ.
Литература
1. CIGRE TB 239. Fault current limiters in electrical medium and high voltage systems, WG A3.10 (High Voltage Equipment), December 2003, 80 p.
2. Xueguang Wu, Mutale J., Jenkins N., Strbac G. An investigation of Network Splitting for Fault Level Reduction. –Tyndall Centre for Climate Change Research, 2003, 25 p.
3. Foote C.E.T., Ault G.W., McDonald J.R., Beddoes A.J. The impact of network splitting on fault levels and other performance measures. – CIRED 2005, 18th International Conference on Electricity Distribution. Turin, 2005, session 5, pp.1–6
4. Labos W., Grossmann P. Case study – 80 kA gas insulated substation Bergen switching station – New Jersey. – IEEE PES T&D Conference and exposition, 2014.
5. Patil S., Thorat A. Development of fault current limiters: a review. – International Conference on Data Management, Analytics and Innovation (ICDMAI), Pune, India, Feb 24-26, 2017 IEEE, 2017, pp. 122–126.
6. Safaei A., Zolfaghari M., Gilvanejad M., Gharehpetian G.B. A survey of fault current limiters: development and technical aspects. – Electrical Power Energy Systems, 2020, vol.118, 105729 (18 p.).
7. Markelov A., Valikov A., Chepikov V., Petrzhik A., Massalimov B., Degtyarenko P., Uzkih R., Soldatenko A., Molodyk A., Sim K., Hwang S. 2G HTS wire with enhanced engineering current density attained through the deposition of HTS layer with increased thickness. – Progress in Superconductivity and Cryogenics, 2019, vol.21, No.4, pp.29–33.
8. Samoilenkov S., Molodyk A., Lee S., Petrykin V., Kalitka V., Martynova I., Makarevich A., Markelov A., Moyzykh M., Blednov A. Customised 2G HTS wire for applications. – Superconductor Science Technology, 2016, vol. 29, No.2, pp. 024001–024010.
9. Chepikov V., Mineev N., Degtyarenko P., Lee S., Petrykin V., Ovcharov A., Vasiliev A., Kaul A., Amelichev V., Kamenev A., Molodyk A., Samoilenkov S. Introduction of BaSnO3 and BaZrO3 artificial pinning centers into 2G HTS wires based on PLD-GdBCO films. Phase I of the industrial R&D programme at SuperOx. – Superconductor Science Technology, 2017, vol.30, No.12, pp. 124001–124012.
10. Superconducting Fault Current Limiter: Innovation for the Electric Grids, ed. Tixador P., World Scientific, 2018, 407 p.
11. АО «Институт «ЭНЕРГОСЕТЬПРОЕКТ». Оценка технико-экономического эффекта применения токоограничивающих устройств на основе высокотемпературной cсверхпроводимости для условий энергосистемы г. Москвы и Московской области, Этап 1, Книга 1, 2016, 356 с.
12. Kraemer H.-P. et al. Superconducting fault current limiter for transmission voltage. – Physics Procedia, 2012, vol. 36, pp. 921–926.
13. Han Y.-H. et al. Development and long-term test of a compact 154-kV SFCL. – IEEE Transactions Applied Superconductivity. 2019, vol.29, No.4, 5600106, DOI: 10.1109/TASC.2018.2880325.
14. CIGRE TB 644. Common characteristics and emerging test techniques for high temperature superconducting power equipment, WG D1.38, December 2015, 154 p.
15. C37.302–2015 IEEE Guide for Fault Current Limiter (FCL) Testing of FCLs Rated above 1000 V AC. IEEE, 2016, 53 p.
16. Mineev N.A., Gorbunova D.A., Moyzykh M.E. Model of calculating the response of a superconducting fault current limiter in the electrical grid. – International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Technology, 2018, vol. 9, No.12, pp. 722–728.
#
1. CIGRE TB 239. Fault current limiters in electrical medium and high voltage systems, WG A3.10 (High Voltage Equipment), December 2003, 80 p.
2. Xueguang Wu, Mutale J., Jenkins N., Strbac G. An investigation of Network Splitting for Fault Level Reduction. –Tyndall Centre for Climate Change Research, 2003, 25 p.
3. Foote C.E.T., Ault G.W., McDonald J.R., Beddoes A.J. The impact of network splitting on fault levels and other performance measures. – CIRED 2005, 18th International Conference on Electricity Distribution. Turin, 2005, session 5, pp.1–6
4. Labos W., Grossmann P. Case study – 80 kA gas insulated substation Bergen switching station – New Jersey. – IEEE PES T&D Conference and exposition, 2014.
5. Patil S., Thorat A. Development of fault current limiters: a review. – International Conference on Data Management, Analytics and Innovation (ICDMAI), Pune, India, Feb 24-26, 2017 IEEE, 2017, pp. 122–126.
6. Safaei A., Zolfaghari M., Gilvanejad M., Gharehpetian G.B. A survey of fault current limiters: development and technical aspects. – Electrical Power Energy Systems, 2020, vol.118, 105729 (18 p.).
7. Markelov A., Valikov A., Chepikov V., Petrzhik A., Massalimov B., Degtyarenko P., Uzkih R., Soldatenko A., Molodyk A., Sim K., Hwang S. 2G HTS wire with enhanced engineering current density attained through the deposition of HTS layer with increased thickness. – Progress in Superconductivity and Cryogenics, 2019, vol.21, No.4, pp.29–33.
8. Samoilenkov S., Molodyk A., Lee S., Petrykin V., Kalitka V., Martynova I., Makarevich A., Markelov A., Moyzykh M., Blednov A. Customised 2G HTS wire for applications. – Superconductor Science Technology, 2016, vol. 29, No.2, pp. 024001–024010.
9. Chepikov V., Mineev N., Degtyarenko P., Lee S., Petrykin V., Ovcharov A., Vasiliev A., Kaul A., Amelichev V., Kamenev A., Molodyk A., Samoilenkov S. Introduction of BaSnO3 and BaZrO3 artificial pinning centers into 2G HTS wires based on PLD-GdBCO films. Phase I of the industrial R&D programme at SuperOx. – Superconductor Science Technology, 2017, vol.30, No.12, pp. 124001–124012.
10. Superconducting Fault Current Limiter: Innovation for the Electric Grids, ed. Tixador P., World Scientific, 2018, 407 p.
11. JSC "Institute" ENERGOSETPROEKT». Otsenka tekhniko-ekonomicheskogo effekta primeneniya tokoogranichivayushсhikh ustrojstv na osnove vysokotemperaturnoj csverkhprovodimosti dlya uslovij energosistemy g. Moskvy i Moskovskoj oblasti, Etap 1, Kniga 1 (Assessment of the technical and economic effect of the use of current limiting devices based on high-temperature superconductivity for the conditions of the power system of Moscow and the Moscow region, Stage 1, Book 1). М., 2016, 356 p.
12. Kraemer H.-P. et al. Superconducting fault current limiter for transmission voltage. – Physics Procedia, 2012, vol. 36, pp. 921–926.
13. Han Y.-H. et al. Development and long-term test of a compact 154-kV SFCL. – IEEE Transactions Applied Superconductivity. 2019, vol.29, No.4, 5600106, DOI: 10.1109/TASC.2018.2880325.
14. CIGRE TB 644. Common characteristics and emerging test techniques for high temperature superconducting power equipment, WG D1.38, December 2015, 154 p.
15. C37.302–2015 IEEE Guide for Fault Current Limiter (FCL) Testing of FCLs Rated above 1000 V AC. IEEE, 2016, 53 p.
16. Mineev N.A., Gorbunova D.A., Moyzykh M.E. Model of calculating the response of a superconducting fault current limiter in the electrical grid. – International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Technology, 2018, vol. 9, No.12, pp. 722–728.
2. Xueguang Wu, Mutale J., Jenkins N., Strbac G. An investigation of Network Splitting for Fault Level Reduction. –Tyndall Centre for Climate Change Research, 2003, 25 p.
3. Foote C.E.T., Ault G.W., McDonald J.R., Beddoes A.J. The impact of network splitting on fault levels and other performance measures. – CIRED 2005, 18th International Conference on Electricity Distribution. Turin, 2005, session 5, pp.1–6
4. Labos W., Grossmann P. Case study – 80 kA gas insulated substation Bergen switching station – New Jersey. – IEEE PES T&D Conference and exposition, 2014.
5. Patil S., Thorat A. Development of fault current limiters: a review. – International Conference on Data Management, Analytics and Innovation (ICDMAI), Pune, India, Feb 24-26, 2017 IEEE, 2017, pp. 122–126.
6. Safaei A., Zolfaghari M., Gilvanejad M., Gharehpetian G.B. A survey of fault current limiters: development and technical aspects. – Electrical Power Energy Systems, 2020, vol.118, 105729 (18 p.).
7. Markelov A., Valikov A., Chepikov V., Petrzhik A., Massalimov B., Degtyarenko P., Uzkih R., Soldatenko A., Molodyk A., Sim K., Hwang S. 2G HTS wire with enhanced engineering current density attained through the deposition of HTS layer with increased thickness. – Progress in Superconductivity and Cryogenics, 2019, vol.21, No.4, pp.29–33.
8. Samoilenkov S., Molodyk A., Lee S., Petrykin V., Kalitka V., Martynova I., Makarevich A., Markelov A., Moyzykh M., Blednov A. Customised 2G HTS wire for applications. – Superconductor Science Technology, 2016, vol. 29, No.2, pp. 024001–024010.
9. Chepikov V., Mineev N., Degtyarenko P., Lee S., Petrykin V., Ovcharov A., Vasiliev A., Kaul A., Amelichev V., Kamenev A., Molodyk A., Samoilenkov S. Introduction of BaSnO3 and BaZrO3 artificial pinning centers into 2G HTS wires based on PLD-GdBCO films. Phase I of the industrial R&D programme at SuperOx. – Superconductor Science Technology, 2017, vol.30, No.12, pp. 124001–124012.
10. Superconducting Fault Current Limiter: Innovation for the Electric Grids, ed. Tixador P., World Scientific, 2018, 407 p.
11. АО «Институт «ЭНЕРГОСЕТЬПРОЕКТ». Оценка технико-экономического эффекта применения токоограничивающих устройств на основе высокотемпературной cсверхпроводимости для условий энергосистемы г. Москвы и Московской области, Этап 1, Книга 1, 2016, 356 с.
12. Kraemer H.-P. et al. Superconducting fault current limiter for transmission voltage. – Physics Procedia, 2012, vol. 36, pp. 921–926.
13. Han Y.-H. et al. Development and long-term test of a compact 154-kV SFCL. – IEEE Transactions Applied Superconductivity. 2019, vol.29, No.4, 5600106, DOI: 10.1109/TASC.2018.2880325.
14. CIGRE TB 644. Common characteristics and emerging test techniques for high temperature superconducting power equipment, WG D1.38, December 2015, 154 p.
15. C37.302–2015 IEEE Guide for Fault Current Limiter (FCL) Testing of FCLs Rated above 1000 V AC. IEEE, 2016, 53 p.
16. Mineev N.A., Gorbunova D.A., Moyzykh M.E. Model of calculating the response of a superconducting fault current limiter in the electrical grid. – International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Technology, 2018, vol. 9, No.12, pp. 722–728.
#
1. CIGRE TB 239. Fault current limiters in electrical medium and high voltage systems, WG A3.10 (High Voltage Equipment), December 2003, 80 p.
2. Xueguang Wu, Mutale J., Jenkins N., Strbac G. An investigation of Network Splitting for Fault Level Reduction. –Tyndall Centre for Climate Change Research, 2003, 25 p.
3. Foote C.E.T., Ault G.W., McDonald J.R., Beddoes A.J. The impact of network splitting on fault levels and other performance measures. – CIRED 2005, 18th International Conference on Electricity Distribution. Turin, 2005, session 5, pp.1–6
4. Labos W., Grossmann P. Case study – 80 kA gas insulated substation Bergen switching station – New Jersey. – IEEE PES T&D Conference and exposition, 2014.
5. Patil S., Thorat A. Development of fault current limiters: a review. – International Conference on Data Management, Analytics and Innovation (ICDMAI), Pune, India, Feb 24-26, 2017 IEEE, 2017, pp. 122–126.
6. Safaei A., Zolfaghari M., Gilvanejad M., Gharehpetian G.B. A survey of fault current limiters: development and technical aspects. – Electrical Power Energy Systems, 2020, vol.118, 105729 (18 p.).
7. Markelov A., Valikov A., Chepikov V., Petrzhik A., Massalimov B., Degtyarenko P., Uzkih R., Soldatenko A., Molodyk A., Sim K., Hwang S. 2G HTS wire with enhanced engineering current density attained through the deposition of HTS layer with increased thickness. – Progress in Superconductivity and Cryogenics, 2019, vol.21, No.4, pp.29–33.
8. Samoilenkov S., Molodyk A., Lee S., Petrykin V., Kalitka V., Martynova I., Makarevich A., Markelov A., Moyzykh M., Blednov A. Customised 2G HTS wire for applications. – Superconductor Science Technology, 2016, vol. 29, No.2, pp. 024001–024010.
9. Chepikov V., Mineev N., Degtyarenko P., Lee S., Petrykin V., Ovcharov A., Vasiliev A., Kaul A., Amelichev V., Kamenev A., Molodyk A., Samoilenkov S. Introduction of BaSnO3 and BaZrO3 artificial pinning centers into 2G HTS wires based on PLD-GdBCO films. Phase I of the industrial R&D programme at SuperOx. – Superconductor Science Technology, 2017, vol.30, No.12, pp. 124001–124012.
10. Superconducting Fault Current Limiter: Innovation for the Electric Grids, ed. Tixador P., World Scientific, 2018, 407 p.
11. JSC "Institute" ENERGOSETPROEKT». Otsenka tekhniko-ekonomicheskogo effekta primeneniya tokoogranichivayushсhikh ustrojstv na osnove vysokotemperaturnoj csverkhprovodimosti dlya uslovij energosistemy g. Moskvy i Moskovskoj oblasti, Etap 1, Kniga 1 (Assessment of the technical and economic effect of the use of current limiting devices based on high-temperature superconductivity for the conditions of the power system of Moscow and the Moscow region, Stage 1, Book 1). М., 2016, 356 p.
12. Kraemer H.-P. et al. Superconducting fault current limiter for transmission voltage. – Physics Procedia, 2012, vol. 36, pp. 921–926.
13. Han Y.-H. et al. Development and long-term test of a compact 154-kV SFCL. – IEEE Transactions Applied Superconductivity. 2019, vol.29, No.4, 5600106, DOI: 10.1109/TASC.2018.2880325.
14. CIGRE TB 644. Common characteristics and emerging test techniques for high temperature superconducting power equipment, WG D1.38, December 2015, 154 p.
15. C37.302–2015 IEEE Guide for Fault Current Limiter (FCL) Testing of FCLs Rated above 1000 V AC. IEEE, 2016, 53 p.
16. Mineev N.A., Gorbunova D.A., Moyzykh M.E. Model of calculating the response of a superconducting fault current limiter in the electrical grid. – International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Technology, 2018, vol. 9, No.12, pp. 722–728.
