First Superconducting Fault Current Limiter in Russian Power Grid
Keywords:
high-temperature superconductivity, current-limiting device, short-circuit current, tests, relay protection, SFCT, real-time hardware and software complex, 220/20 kV “Mnevniki” substation
Abstract
Superconducting fault current limiter (SFCL) is an innovative method for reducing the level of short-circuit currents in high-voltage electrical networks. This reduces the number of points of separation of the electrical network in conditions of short-circuit current limitation and thereby increases the network capacity and reliability of power supply to consumers. At the same time, the development of such devices poses new challenges for power engineers related to the integration of this equipment into the existing power system. The article discusses the process of implementation and pilot operation of the SFCT 220 kV pilot project (produced by CJSC “SuperOx”) at the 220/20 kV “Mnevniki” high-voltage substation in Moscow. The project required an extensive set of scientific studies and tests to confirm the characteristics of new devices and the possibility of their use in Russian power systems, the use of digital modeling technologies to test the operability of relay protection devices, as well as the development of new methodological documents for calculating the short-circuit current and relay protection parameters. As a result of the work, SFCT was switched on at the 220/20 kV “Mnevniki” substation at the end of 2019. The subsequent operation of the SFCT in 2019-2020 fully confirmed the declared characteristics of the device and the correctness of the selected technical solutions.
The article is devoted to the features of the process of integrating a new device into the existing power system, the main technical solutions, the results of testing and operation of the device, as well as possible prospects for the development of SFCT technology.
References
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10. Superconducting Fault Current Limiter: Innovation for the Electric Grids, ed. Tixador P., World Scientific, 2018, 407 p.
11. АО «Институт «ЭНЕРГОСЕТЬПРОЕКТ». Оценка технико-экономического эффекта применения токоограничивающих устройств на основе высокотемпературной cсверхпроводимости для условий энергосистемы г. Москвы и Московской области, Этап 1, Книга 1, 2016, 356 с.
12. Kraemer H.-P. et al. Superconducting fault current limiter for transmission voltage. – Physics Procedia, 2012, vol. 36, pp. 921–926.
13. Han Y.-H. et al. Development and long-term test of a compact 154-kV SFCL. – IEEE Transactions Applied Superconductivity. 2019, vol.29, No.4, 5600106, DOI: 10.1109/TASC.2018.2880325.
14. CIGRE TB 644. Common characteristics and emerging test techniques for high temperature superconducting power equipment, WG D1.38, December 2015, 154 p.
15. C37.302–2015 IEEE Guide for Fault Current Limiter (FCL) Testing of FCLs Rated above 1000 V AC. IEEE, 2016, 53 p.
16. Mineev N.A., Gorbunova D.A., Moyzykh M.E. Model of calculating the response of a superconducting fault current limiter in the electrical grid. – International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Technology, 2018, vol. 9, No.12, pp. 722–728.
#
1. CIGRE TB 239. Fault current limiters in electrical medium and high voltage systems, WG A3.10 (High Voltage Equipment), December 2003, 80 p.
2. Xueguang Wu, Mutale J., Jenkins N., Strbac G. An investigation of Network Splitting for Fault Level Reduction. –Tyndall Centre for Climate Change Research, 2003, 25 p.
3. Foote C.E.T., Ault G.W., McDonald J.R., Beddoes A.J. The impact of network splitting on fault levels and other performance measures. – CIRED 2005, 18th International Conference on Electricity Distribution. Turin, 2005, session 5, pp.1–6
4. Labos W., Grossmann P. Case study – 80 kA gas insulated substation Bergen switching station – New Jersey. – IEEE PES T&D Conference and exposition, 2014.
5. Patil S., Thorat A. Development of fault current limiters: a review. – International Conference on Data Management, Analytics and Innovation (ICDMAI), Pune, India, Feb 24-26, 2017 IEEE, 2017, pp. 122–126.
6. Safaei A., Zolfaghari M., Gilvanejad M., Gharehpetian G.B. A survey of fault current limiters: development and technical aspects. – Electrical Power Energy Systems, 2020, vol.118, 105729 (18 p.).
7. Markelov A., Valikov A., Chepikov V., Petrzhik A., Massalimov B., Degtyarenko P., Uzkih R., Soldatenko A., Molodyk A., Sim K., Hwang S. 2G HTS wire with enhanced engineering current density attained through the deposition of HTS layer with increased thickness. – Progress in Superconductivity and Cryogenics, 2019, vol.21, No.4, pp.29–33.
8. Samoilenkov S., Molodyk A., Lee S., Petrykin V., Kalitka V., Martynova I., Makarevich A., Markelov A., Moyzykh M., Blednov A. Customised 2G HTS wire for applications. – Superconductor Science Technology, 2016, vol. 29, No.2, pp. 024001–024010.
9. Chepikov V., Mineev N., Degtyarenko P., Lee S., Petrykin V., Ovcharov A., Vasiliev A., Kaul A., Amelichev V., Kamenev A., Molodyk A., Samoilenkov S. Introduction of BaSnO3 and BaZrO3 artificial pinning centers into 2G HTS wires based on PLD-GdBCO films. Phase I of the industrial R&D programme at SuperOx. – Superconductor Science Technology, 2017, vol.30, No.12, pp. 124001–124012.
10. Superconducting Fault Current Limiter: Innovation for the Electric Grids, ed. Tixador P., World Scientific, 2018, 407 p.
11. JSC "Institute" ENERGOSETPROEKT». Otsenka tekhniko-ekonomicheskogo effekta primeneniya tokoogranichivayushсhikh ustrojstv na osnove vysokotemperaturnoj csverkhprovodimosti dlya uslovij energosistemy g. Moskvy i Moskovskoj oblasti, Etap 1, Kniga 1 (Assessment of the technical and economic effect of the use of current limiting devices based on high-temperature superconductivity for the conditions of the power system of Moscow and the Moscow region, Stage 1, Book 1). М., 2016, 356 p.
12. Kraemer H.-P. et al. Superconducting fault current limiter for transmission voltage. – Physics Procedia, 2012, vol. 36, pp. 921–926.
13. Han Y.-H. et al. Development and long-term test of a compact 154-kV SFCL. – IEEE Transactions Applied Superconductivity. 2019, vol.29, No.4, 5600106, DOI: 10.1109/TASC.2018.2880325.
14. CIGRE TB 644. Common characteristics and emerging test techniques for high temperature superconducting power equipment, WG D1.38, December 2015, 154 p.
15. C37.302–2015 IEEE Guide for Fault Current Limiter (FCL) Testing of FCLs Rated above 1000 V AC. IEEE, 2016, 53 p.
16. Mineev N.A., Gorbunova D.A., Moyzykh M.E. Model of calculating the response of a superconducting fault current limiter in the electrical grid. – International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Technology, 2018, vol. 9, No.12, pp. 722–728.
2. Xueguang Wu, Mutale J., Jenkins N., Strbac G. An investigation of Network Splitting for Fault Level Reduction. –Tyndall Centre for Climate Change Research, 2003, 25 p.
3. Foote C.E.T., Ault G.W., McDonald J.R., Beddoes A.J. The impact of network splitting on fault levels and other performance measures. – CIRED 2005, 18th International Conference on Electricity Distribution. Turin, 2005, session 5, pp.1–6
4. Labos W., Grossmann P. Case study – 80 kA gas insulated substation Bergen switching station – New Jersey. – IEEE PES T&D Conference and exposition, 2014.
5. Patil S., Thorat A. Development of fault current limiters: a review. – International Conference on Data Management, Analytics and Innovation (ICDMAI), Pune, India, Feb 24-26, 2017 IEEE, 2017, pp. 122–126.
6. Safaei A., Zolfaghari M., Gilvanejad M., Gharehpetian G.B. A survey of fault current limiters: development and technical aspects. – Electrical Power Energy Systems, 2020, vol.118, 105729 (18 p.).
7. Markelov A., Valikov A., Chepikov V., Petrzhik A., Massalimov B., Degtyarenko P., Uzkih R., Soldatenko A., Molodyk A., Sim K., Hwang S. 2G HTS wire with enhanced engineering current density attained through the deposition of HTS layer with increased thickness. – Progress in Superconductivity and Cryogenics, 2019, vol.21, No.4, pp.29–33.
8. Samoilenkov S., Molodyk A., Lee S., Petrykin V., Kalitka V., Martynova I., Makarevich A., Markelov A., Moyzykh M., Blednov A. Customised 2G HTS wire for applications. – Superconductor Science Technology, 2016, vol. 29, No.2, pp. 024001–024010.
9. Chepikov V., Mineev N., Degtyarenko P., Lee S., Petrykin V., Ovcharov A., Vasiliev A., Kaul A., Amelichev V., Kamenev A., Molodyk A., Samoilenkov S. Introduction of BaSnO3 and BaZrO3 artificial pinning centers into 2G HTS wires based on PLD-GdBCO films. Phase I of the industrial R&D programme at SuperOx. – Superconductor Science Technology, 2017, vol.30, No.12, pp. 124001–124012.
10. Superconducting Fault Current Limiter: Innovation for the Electric Grids, ed. Tixador P., World Scientific, 2018, 407 p.
11. АО «Институт «ЭНЕРГОСЕТЬПРОЕКТ». Оценка технико-экономического эффекта применения токоограничивающих устройств на основе высокотемпературной cсверхпроводимости для условий энергосистемы г. Москвы и Московской области, Этап 1, Книга 1, 2016, 356 с.
12. Kraemer H.-P. et al. Superconducting fault current limiter for transmission voltage. – Physics Procedia, 2012, vol. 36, pp. 921–926.
13. Han Y.-H. et al. Development and long-term test of a compact 154-kV SFCL. – IEEE Transactions Applied Superconductivity. 2019, vol.29, No.4, 5600106, DOI: 10.1109/TASC.2018.2880325.
14. CIGRE TB 644. Common characteristics and emerging test techniques for high temperature superconducting power equipment, WG D1.38, December 2015, 154 p.
15. C37.302–2015 IEEE Guide for Fault Current Limiter (FCL) Testing of FCLs Rated above 1000 V AC. IEEE, 2016, 53 p.
16. Mineev N.A., Gorbunova D.A., Moyzykh M.E. Model of calculating the response of a superconducting fault current limiter in the electrical grid. – International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Technology, 2018, vol. 9, No.12, pp. 722–728.
#
1. CIGRE TB 239. Fault current limiters in electrical medium and high voltage systems, WG A3.10 (High Voltage Equipment), December 2003, 80 p.
2. Xueguang Wu, Mutale J., Jenkins N., Strbac G. An investigation of Network Splitting for Fault Level Reduction. –Tyndall Centre for Climate Change Research, 2003, 25 p.
3. Foote C.E.T., Ault G.W., McDonald J.R., Beddoes A.J. The impact of network splitting on fault levels and other performance measures. – CIRED 2005, 18th International Conference on Electricity Distribution. Turin, 2005, session 5, pp.1–6
4. Labos W., Grossmann P. Case study – 80 kA gas insulated substation Bergen switching station – New Jersey. – IEEE PES T&D Conference and exposition, 2014.
5. Patil S., Thorat A. Development of fault current limiters: a review. – International Conference on Data Management, Analytics and Innovation (ICDMAI), Pune, India, Feb 24-26, 2017 IEEE, 2017, pp. 122–126.
6. Safaei A., Zolfaghari M., Gilvanejad M., Gharehpetian G.B. A survey of fault current limiters: development and technical aspects. – Electrical Power Energy Systems, 2020, vol.118, 105729 (18 p.).
7. Markelov A., Valikov A., Chepikov V., Petrzhik A., Massalimov B., Degtyarenko P., Uzkih R., Soldatenko A., Molodyk A., Sim K., Hwang S. 2G HTS wire with enhanced engineering current density attained through the deposition of HTS layer with increased thickness. – Progress in Superconductivity and Cryogenics, 2019, vol.21, No.4, pp.29–33.
8. Samoilenkov S., Molodyk A., Lee S., Petrykin V., Kalitka V., Martynova I., Makarevich A., Markelov A., Moyzykh M., Blednov A. Customised 2G HTS wire for applications. – Superconductor Science Technology, 2016, vol. 29, No.2, pp. 024001–024010.
9. Chepikov V., Mineev N., Degtyarenko P., Lee S., Petrykin V., Ovcharov A., Vasiliev A., Kaul A., Amelichev V., Kamenev A., Molodyk A., Samoilenkov S. Introduction of BaSnO3 and BaZrO3 artificial pinning centers into 2G HTS wires based on PLD-GdBCO films. Phase I of the industrial R&D programme at SuperOx. – Superconductor Science Technology, 2017, vol.30, No.12, pp. 124001–124012.
10. Superconducting Fault Current Limiter: Innovation for the Electric Grids, ed. Tixador P., World Scientific, 2018, 407 p.
11. JSC "Institute" ENERGOSETPROEKT». Otsenka tekhniko-ekonomicheskogo effekta primeneniya tokoogranichivayushсhikh ustrojstv na osnove vysokotemperaturnoj csverkhprovodimosti dlya uslovij energosistemy g. Moskvy i Moskovskoj oblasti, Etap 1, Kniga 1 (Assessment of the technical and economic effect of the use of current limiting devices based on high-temperature superconductivity for the conditions of the power system of Moscow and the Moscow region, Stage 1, Book 1). М., 2016, 356 p.
12. Kraemer H.-P. et al. Superconducting fault current limiter for transmission voltage. – Physics Procedia, 2012, vol. 36, pp. 921–926.
13. Han Y.-H. et al. Development and long-term test of a compact 154-kV SFCL. – IEEE Transactions Applied Superconductivity. 2019, vol.29, No.4, 5600106, DOI: 10.1109/TASC.2018.2880325.
14. CIGRE TB 644. Common characteristics and emerging test techniques for high temperature superconducting power equipment, WG D1.38, December 2015, 154 p.
15. C37.302–2015 IEEE Guide for Fault Current Limiter (FCL) Testing of FCLs Rated above 1000 V AC. IEEE, 2016, 53 p.
16. Mineev N.A., Gorbunova D.A., Moyzykh M.E. Model of calculating the response of a superconducting fault current limiter in the electrical grid. – International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Technology, 2018, vol. 9, No.12, pp. 722–728.
