Выравнивание температуры силовых модулей низковольтной ячейки многоуровневого преобразователя
Ключевые слова:
низковольтная ячейка, многоуровневый преобразователь, статический синхронный продольный компенсатор
Аннотация
Компенсатор реактивной мощности на базе многоуровневого преобразователя содержит низковольтные силовые ячейки, соединенные последовательно. Каждая низковольтная ячейка представляет собой полный мост, состоящий из двух силовых модулей. Поток воздуха от системы охлаждения нагревается под первым силовым модулем, и эффективность охлаждения второго модуля, следующего за первым, снижается. Разница температур под модулями одной ячейки достигает 10 °С. В статье предложен алгоритм управления, обеспечивающий перераспределение коммутационных потерь между модулями таким образом, чтобы снизить разницу температур. Меняя привязку широтно-импульсной модуляции ключей к положительной и отрицательной шине звена постоянного тока ячейки, достигается требуемое соотношение коммутационных потерь между двумя силовыми модулями, что позволяет снизить температуру самого горячего из них. Рассмотрена тепловая модель низковольтной силовой ячейки, разработанная в среде PSIM, и модель радиатора, рассчитанная методом конечных элементов. Оценены параметры упрощенной тепловой модели, определены потери в силовых ячейках при нулевом выходном напряжении и изменено соотношение их работы при нулевом выходном напряжении. Результаты исследования показали, что предложенный алгоритм обеспечивает выравнивание температур и снижает температуру под модулем на 10 °С при работе на номинальной нагрузке.
Литература
1. Hingorani N.G., Gyugyi L. Understanding FACTS: Concepts and Technology of Flexible AC Transmission Systems. IEEE Press, New York, 2000, 452 p.
2. Hingorani N.G., Gyugyi L. FACTS Concept and General System Considerations. Understanding FACTS. –Concepts and Technology of Flexible AC Transmission Systems, 2000, pp.1–35, DOI: 10.1109/9780470546802.ch1.
3. Sen K.K. SSSC – Static Synchronous Series Compensator: Theory, Modelling and Publications. – IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 1998, vol. 13, No.1, pp. 241–246, DOI:10.1109/61.660884.
4. Dixon L. et al. Reactive Power Compensation Technologies: State-of-the-Art Review. – Proceedings of the IEEE, 2005, vol. 93, No. 12, pp. 2144–2164, DOI: 10.1109/JPROC.2005.859937.
5. Chivite-Zabalza F.J. et al. Modelling and Control of a Series Static Synchronous Compensator Using Low-Frequency, Fixed- Modulation Index Techniques. – 7th IET International Conference on Power Electronics, Machines and Drives, 2014, DOI: 10.1049/cp.2014.0370.
6. Smolovik S.V., et al. Control Characteristics of Static Synchronous Series Compensator. – IEEE Conference of Russian Young Researchers in Electrical and Electronic Engineering, 2020, pp. 1329–1332, DOI: 10.1109/EIConRus49466.2020.9039313.
7. Rashitov P.А., Vershanskiy E.A., Gorchakov A.V. The Techniques of Reactance Regulation by the Distributed Static Synchronous Series Compensator in Power Lines. – 20th International Conference of Young Specialists on Micro/Nanotechnologies and Electron Devices, 2019, pp. 469-475, DOI: 10.1109/EDM.2019.8823321.
8. Kaarunya N., Muruganandham J. Performance Analysis of Static Synchronous Series Compensator and Interline Power Flow Controller. – International Conference on Communication and Signal Processing, 2018, pp. 0888–0892, DOI: 10.1109/ICCSP.2018.8524264.
9. Elgebaly A.E. et al. Power Flow Control Using Transformer-less Static Synchronous Series Compensators. – 3rd International Youth Conference on Radio Electronics, Electrical and Power Engineering, 2021, DOI: 10.1109/REEPE51337.2021.9387975.
10. Smartvalve. Digital Power Flow Control [Электрон. ресурс], URL: https://www.smartwires.com/smartvalve (дата обращения 08.12.2022).
11. Kazemirova Y. et al. PWM Strategy for Equal Distribution of Losses Between Low-Voltage Cells in an MV Frequency Converter. – 55th International Universities Power Engineering Conference, 2020, DOI: 10.1109/UPEC49904.2020.9209791.
12. Kazemirova Y. et al. Analysis of Walking Cell PWM Strategy in Multilevel Frequency Converter in Fault Condition. – 9th International Conference on Modern Power Systems, 2021, DOI: 10.1109/MPS52805.2021.9492601.
13. Kazemirova Y. et al. Walking Cell Pulse-Width Modulation Strategy for a Transformerless Static Synchronous Series Compensator. – IEEE 62nd International Scientific Conference on Power and Electrical Engineering of Riga Technical University, 2021, DOI: 10.1109/RTUCON53541.2021.9711737.
14. Anuchin A. et al. Minimization and Redistribution of Switching Losses Using Predictive PWM Strategy in a Voltage Source Inverter. – 25th International Workshop on Electric Drives: Optimization in Control of Electric Drives, 2018, DOI: 10.1109/IWED.2018.8321375.
15 Singh K., Basak A. Performance Study of Different PLL Schemes Under Unbalanced Grid Voltage. – IEEE Region 10 Symposium (TENSYMP), 2019, pp. 66–71, DOI: 10.1109/TENSYMP46218.2019.89710.
#
1. Hingorani N.G., Gyugyi L. Understanding FACTS: Concepts and Technology of Flexible AC Transmission Systems. IEEE Press, New York, 2000, 452 p.
2. Hingorani N.G., Gyugyi L. FACTS Concept and General System Considerations. Understanding FACTS. – Concepts and Technology of Flexible AC Transmission Systems, 2000, pp.1–35, DOI: 10.1109/9780470546802.ch1.
3. Sen K.K. SSSC – Static Synchronous Series Compensator: Theory, Modelling and Publications. – IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 1998, vol. 13, No.1, pp. 241–246, DOI:10.1109/61.660884.
4. Dixon L. et al. Reactive Power Compensation Technologies: State-of-the-Art Review. – Proceedings of the IEEE, 2005, vol. 93, No. 12, pp. 2144–2164, DOI: 10.1109/JPROC.2005.859937.
5. Chivite-Zabalza F.J. et al. Modelling and Control of a Series Static Synchronous Compensator Using Low-Frequency, Fixed- Modulation Index Techniques. – 7th IET International Conference on Power Electronics, Machines and Drives, 2014, DOI: 10.1049/cp.2014.0370.
6. Smolovik S.V., et al. Control Characteristics of Static Synchronous Series Compensator. – IEEE Conference of Russian Young Researchers in Electrical and Electronic Engineering, 2020, pp. 1329–1332, DOI: 10.1109/EIConRus49466.2020.9039313.
7. Rashitov P.А., Vershanskiy E.A., Gorchakov A.V. The Techniques of Reactance Regulation by the Distributed Static Synchronous Series Compensator in Power Lines. – 20th International Conference of Young Specialists on Micro/Nanotechnologies and Electron Devices, 2019, pp. 469-475, DOI: 10.1109/EDM.2019. 8823321.
8. Kaarunya N., Muruganandham J. Performance Analysis of Static Synchronous Series Compensator and Interline Power Flow Controller. – International Conference on Communication and Signal Processing, 2018, pp. 0888–0892, DOI: 10.1109/ICCSP.2018.8524264.
9. Elgebaly A.E. et al. Power Flow Control Using Transformer-less Static Synchronous Series Compensators. – 3rd International Youth Conference on Radio Electronics, Electrical and Power Engineering, 2021, DOI: 10.1109/REEPE51337.2021.9387975.
10. Smartvalve. Digital Power Flow Control [Electron. resource], URL: https://www.smartwires.com/smartvalve (Date of appeal 08.12.2022).
11. Kazemirova Y. et al. PWM Strategy for Equal Distribution of Losses Between Low-Voltage Cells in an MV Frequency Converter. – 55th International Universities Power Engineering Conference, 2020, DOI: 10.1109/UPEC49904.2020.9209791.
12. Kazemirova Y. et al. Analysis of Walking Cell PWM Strategy in Multilevel Frequency Converter in Fault Condition. – 9th International Conference on Modern Power Systems, 2021, DOI: 10.1109/MPS52805.2021.9492601.
13. Kazemirova Y. et al. Walking Cell Pulse-Width Modulation Strategy for a Transformerless Static Synchronous Series Compensator. – IEEE 62nd International Scientific Conference on Power and Electrical Engineering of Riga Technical University, 2021, DOI: 10.1109/RTUCON53541.2021.9711737.
14. Anuchin A. et al. Minimization and Redistribution of Switching Losses Using Predictive PWM Strategy in a Voltage Source Inverter. – 25th International Workshop on Electric Drives: Optimization in Control of Electric Drives, 2018, DOI: 10.1109/IWED.2018.8321375.
15. Singh K., Basak A. Performance Study of Different PLL Schemes Under Unbalanced Grid Voltage. – IEEE Region 10 Symposium (TENSYMP), 2019, pp. 66–71, DOI: 10.1109/TENSYMP 46218.2019.89710.
2. Hingorani N.G., Gyugyi L. FACTS Concept and General System Considerations. Understanding FACTS. –Concepts and Technology of Flexible AC Transmission Systems, 2000, pp.1–35, DOI: 10.1109/9780470546802.ch1.
3. Sen K.K. SSSC – Static Synchronous Series Compensator: Theory, Modelling and Publications. – IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 1998, vol. 13, No.1, pp. 241–246, DOI:10.1109/61.660884.
4. Dixon L. et al. Reactive Power Compensation Technologies: State-of-the-Art Review. – Proceedings of the IEEE, 2005, vol. 93, No. 12, pp. 2144–2164, DOI: 10.1109/JPROC.2005.859937.
5. Chivite-Zabalza F.J. et al. Modelling and Control of a Series Static Synchronous Compensator Using Low-Frequency, Fixed- Modulation Index Techniques. – 7th IET International Conference on Power Electronics, Machines and Drives, 2014, DOI: 10.1049/cp.2014.0370.
6. Smolovik S.V., et al. Control Characteristics of Static Synchronous Series Compensator. – IEEE Conference of Russian Young Researchers in Electrical and Electronic Engineering, 2020, pp. 1329–1332, DOI: 10.1109/EIConRus49466.2020.9039313.
7. Rashitov P.А., Vershanskiy E.A., Gorchakov A.V. The Techniques of Reactance Regulation by the Distributed Static Synchronous Series Compensator in Power Lines. – 20th International Conference of Young Specialists on Micro/Nanotechnologies and Electron Devices, 2019, pp. 469-475, DOI: 10.1109/EDM.2019.8823321.
8. Kaarunya N., Muruganandham J. Performance Analysis of Static Synchronous Series Compensator and Interline Power Flow Controller. – International Conference on Communication and Signal Processing, 2018, pp. 0888–0892, DOI: 10.1109/ICCSP.2018.8524264.
9. Elgebaly A.E. et al. Power Flow Control Using Transformer-less Static Synchronous Series Compensators. – 3rd International Youth Conference on Radio Electronics, Electrical and Power Engineering, 2021, DOI: 10.1109/REEPE51337.2021.9387975.
10. Smartvalve. Digital Power Flow Control [Электрон. ресурс], URL: https://www.smartwires.com/smartvalve (дата обращения 08.12.2022).
11. Kazemirova Y. et al. PWM Strategy for Equal Distribution of Losses Between Low-Voltage Cells in an MV Frequency Converter. – 55th International Universities Power Engineering Conference, 2020, DOI: 10.1109/UPEC49904.2020.9209791.
12. Kazemirova Y. et al. Analysis of Walking Cell PWM Strategy in Multilevel Frequency Converter in Fault Condition. – 9th International Conference on Modern Power Systems, 2021, DOI: 10.1109/MPS52805.2021.9492601.
13. Kazemirova Y. et al. Walking Cell Pulse-Width Modulation Strategy for a Transformerless Static Synchronous Series Compensator. – IEEE 62nd International Scientific Conference on Power and Electrical Engineering of Riga Technical University, 2021, DOI: 10.1109/RTUCON53541.2021.9711737.
14. Anuchin A. et al. Minimization and Redistribution of Switching Losses Using Predictive PWM Strategy in a Voltage Source Inverter. – 25th International Workshop on Electric Drives: Optimization in Control of Electric Drives, 2018, DOI: 10.1109/IWED.2018.8321375.
15 Singh K., Basak A. Performance Study of Different PLL Schemes Under Unbalanced Grid Voltage. – IEEE Region 10 Symposium (TENSYMP), 2019, pp. 66–71, DOI: 10.1109/TENSYMP46218.2019.89710.
#
1. Hingorani N.G., Gyugyi L. Understanding FACTS: Concepts and Technology of Flexible AC Transmission Systems. IEEE Press, New York, 2000, 452 p.
2. Hingorani N.G., Gyugyi L. FACTS Concept and General System Considerations. Understanding FACTS. – Concepts and Technology of Flexible AC Transmission Systems, 2000, pp.1–35, DOI: 10.1109/9780470546802.ch1.
3. Sen K.K. SSSC – Static Synchronous Series Compensator: Theory, Modelling and Publications. – IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 1998, vol. 13, No.1, pp. 241–246, DOI:10.1109/61.660884.
4. Dixon L. et al. Reactive Power Compensation Technologies: State-of-the-Art Review. – Proceedings of the IEEE, 2005, vol. 93, No. 12, pp. 2144–2164, DOI: 10.1109/JPROC.2005.859937.
5. Chivite-Zabalza F.J. et al. Modelling and Control of a Series Static Synchronous Compensator Using Low-Frequency, Fixed- Modulation Index Techniques. – 7th IET International Conference on Power Electronics, Machines and Drives, 2014, DOI: 10.1049/cp.2014.0370.
6. Smolovik S.V., et al. Control Characteristics of Static Synchronous Series Compensator. – IEEE Conference of Russian Young Researchers in Electrical and Electronic Engineering, 2020, pp. 1329–1332, DOI: 10.1109/EIConRus49466.2020.9039313.
7. Rashitov P.А., Vershanskiy E.A., Gorchakov A.V. The Techniques of Reactance Regulation by the Distributed Static Synchronous Series Compensator in Power Lines. – 20th International Conference of Young Specialists on Micro/Nanotechnologies and Electron Devices, 2019, pp. 469-475, DOI: 10.1109/EDM.2019. 8823321.
8. Kaarunya N., Muruganandham J. Performance Analysis of Static Synchronous Series Compensator and Interline Power Flow Controller. – International Conference on Communication and Signal Processing, 2018, pp. 0888–0892, DOI: 10.1109/ICCSP.2018.8524264.
9. Elgebaly A.E. et al. Power Flow Control Using Transformer-less Static Synchronous Series Compensators. – 3rd International Youth Conference on Radio Electronics, Electrical and Power Engineering, 2021, DOI: 10.1109/REEPE51337.2021.9387975.
10. Smartvalve. Digital Power Flow Control [Electron. resource], URL: https://www.smartwires.com/smartvalve (Date of appeal 08.12.2022).
11. Kazemirova Y. et al. PWM Strategy for Equal Distribution of Losses Between Low-Voltage Cells in an MV Frequency Converter. – 55th International Universities Power Engineering Conference, 2020, DOI: 10.1109/UPEC49904.2020.9209791.
12. Kazemirova Y. et al. Analysis of Walking Cell PWM Strategy in Multilevel Frequency Converter in Fault Condition. – 9th International Conference on Modern Power Systems, 2021, DOI: 10.1109/MPS52805.2021.9492601.
13. Kazemirova Y. et al. Walking Cell Pulse-Width Modulation Strategy for a Transformerless Static Synchronous Series Compensator. – IEEE 62nd International Scientific Conference on Power and Electrical Engineering of Riga Technical University, 2021, DOI: 10.1109/RTUCON53541.2021.9711737.
14. Anuchin A. et al. Minimization and Redistribution of Switching Losses Using Predictive PWM Strategy in a Voltage Source Inverter. – 25th International Workshop on Electric Drives: Optimization in Control of Electric Drives, 2018, DOI: 10.1109/IWED.2018.8321375.
15. Singh K., Basak A. Performance Study of Different PLL Schemes Under Unbalanced Grid Voltage. – IEEE Region 10 Symposium (TENSYMP), 2019, pp. 66–71, DOI: 10.1109/TENSYMP 46218.2019.89710.
