Идентификация параметров разряда молнии по его воздействию на волоконно-оптические линии связи
Ключевые слова:
молния, искусственное грозовое облако, волоконно-оптический кабель, мощность сигнала, электромагнитное излучение
Аннотация
Статья посвящена исследованию влияния электрически активных грозовых облаков отрицательной полярности и параметров разрядов из них на сигнал, передаваемый по волоконно-оптическому кабелю. С помощью экспериментально-измерительного комплекса «ГРОЗА», позволяющего создавать искусственные облака заряженного водного аэрозоля, проведено физическое моделирование грозовой активности. В качестве объектов исследования были рассмотрены волоконно-оптические кабели нескольких типов (полностью диэлектрические, бронированные), по которым передавалось линейно поляризованное излучение. В ходе исследования менялось расположение кабеля относительно места разряда. Выявлена тенденция к росту амплитуды быстрых изменений мощности оптического сигнала, передаваемого по полностью диэлектрическому оптическому кабелю, с ростом амплитуды тока разряда из искусственного грозового облака вблизи кабеля. Установлена зависимость медленных изменений мощности сигнала, передаваемого по полностью диэлектрическому кабелю, от изменения электрического поля, индуцируемого искусственным грозовым облаком. Показана связь между параметрами передаваемого оптического сигнала и изменениями электромагнитного поля вблизи него, вызванными грозовой активностью. Полученные результаты показали возможность дальнейшего развития методов пеленгации грозовой активности и идентификации параметров разряда молнии с использованием сети волоконно-оптических линий различного типа.
Литература
1. Sasaki T., Hasegawa T., Ishikawa H. Optical Fiber and Cables. – Springer Handbook of Optical Networks. Springer Handbooks, 2020, pp. 25–49, DOI:10.1007/978-3-030-16250-4_2.
2. Prabakar K., Karady G.G. Design of an All-Dielectric Self-Supporting Cable System. – International Conference on High Voltage Engineering and Application, 2010, pp. 184–187, DOI: 10.1109/ICHVE.2010.5640833.
3. Листвин А.В., Листвин В.Н., Швырков Д.В. Оптические волокна для линий связи. М.: ЛЕСАР арт, 2003, 288 с.
4. Фитель В.В., Постников Е.А. Система для организации безопасности при взрывных работах на карьере на основе волоконно-оптического датчика движения. – Наука. Образование. Инновации: современное состояние актуальных проблем, 2023, с. 55–59.
5. Ландсберг Г.С. Оптика. М.: Физматлит, 2003, 848 с.
6. Соколов С.А. Воздействие внешних электромагнитных полей на оптические кабели связи и гибридные линии. М.: Горячая линия-Телеком, 2018, 214 с.
7. Kaijing Hu et al. Model and Experimental Verification of SOP Transient in OPGW Based on Direct Strike Lightning. – Opt. Express, 2023, 31(23), pp. 39102-39120, DOI: 10.1364/OE.502978.
8. Sun J. et al. Analytical Investigation of Lightning Strike-Induced Damage of OPGWs Based on a Coupled Arc-Electrical-Thermal Simulation. – IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 2022, vol. 37, No. 6, pp. 5145–5155, DOI: 10.1109/TPWRD.2022.3171783.
9. Gorbatov D.V. et al. Polarization Changes during a Lightning Strike: Isotropic Zones of Anisotropic Optical Fiber. – Bulletin of the Lebedev Physics Institute, 2023, 50 (S2), pp. S204–S212, DOI:10.3103/S1068335623140075.
10. Gorbatov D.V. et al. Effect of Anisotropy of a Single-Mode Fibre on Lightning-Induced Rotation of Polarisation of a Light Signal in an Optical Ground Wire. – Quantum Electronics, 2022, vol. 52(1), pp. 87–93, DOI:10.1070/QEL17970.
11. Lu L. et al. Experimental Study on Location of Lightning Stroke on OPGW by Means of a Distributed Optical Fiber Temperature Sensor. – Optics & Laser Technology, 2015, vol. 65, pp. 79–82, DOI:10. 1016/j.optlastec.2014.07.007.
12. Huang S. et al. Transmission Line Lightning Monitoring System Using a Multiparameter Distributed Optical Fiber Sensor. – IEEE 2nd China International Youth Conference on Electrical Engineering (CIYCEE), 2021, DOI: 10.1109/CIYCEE53554.2021.9676793.
13. Feng X. et al. Research on Optical Fiber Composite Overhead Wire (OPGW) Lightning Monitoring Technology Based on Weak Fiber Bragg Grating Array. – Journal of Nanoelectronics and Optoelectronics, 2022, vol. 17, No. 1, pp. 170–176, DOI: 10.1166/jno.2022.3182.
14. Lysov N. et al. Physical Modeling of Positive Multistrike Lightning Formation. – Atmosphere, 2022, vol. 14, No. 1, DOI: 10.3390/atmos14010010.
15. Temnikov A. et al. Peculiarities of spectrum of electromagnetic signals induced by discharges from artificial thunderstorm cell. – Journal of Electrostatics, 2022, vol. 115, No. 4:103660, DOI: 10.1016/j.elstat.2021.103660.
16. Belova O.S. et al. Experimental Study of the Effect of Electric Fields of Thunderclouds on Fiber-Optic Communication Lines. – Bulletin of the Lebedev Physics Institute, 2023, vol. 50, No. 10, pp. 429–433, DOI:10.3103/S1068335623100032
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Исследование выполнено за счет гранта Российского научного фонда № 23-79-10223, https://rscf.ru/project/23-79-10223.
#
1. Sasaki T., Hasegawa T., Ishikawa H. Optical Fiber and Cables. – Springer Handbook of Optical Networks. Springer Handbooks, 2020, pp. 25–49, DOI:10.1007/978-3-030-16250-4_2.
2. Prabakar K., Karady G.G. Design of an All-Dielectric Self-Supporting Cable System. – International Conference on High Voltage Engineering and Application, 2010, pp. 184–187, DOI: 10.1109/ICHVE.2010.5640833.
3. Listvin A.V., Listvin V.N., Shvyrkov D.V. Opticheskie volokna dlya liniy svyazi (Optical Fibers for Communication Lines). M.: LESAR art, 2003, 288 p.
4. Fitel' V.V., Postnikov Е.А. Nauka. Obrazovanie. Innovatsii: sovremennoe sostoyanie aktual'nyh problem – in Russ. (Science. Education. Innovations: The Current State of Current Problems), 2023, pp. 55–59.
5. Landsberg G.S. Optika (Optics). M.: Fizmatlit, 2003, 848 p.
6. Sokolov S.A. Vozdeystvie vneshnih elektromagnitnyh poley na opticheskie kabeli svyazi i gibridnye linii (The Effect of External Electromagnetic Fields on Optical Communication Cables and Hybrid Lines). M.: Goryachaya liniya-Telekom, 2018, 214 p.
7. Kaijing Hu et al. Model and Experimental Verification of SOP Transient in OPGW Based on Direct Strike Lightning. – Opt. Express, 2023, 31(23), pp. 39102-39120, DOI: 10.1364/OE.502978.
8. Sun J. et al. Analytical Investigation of Lightning Strike-Induced Damage of OPGWs Based on a Coupled Arc-Electrical-Thermal Simulation. – IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 2022, vol. 37, No. 6, pp. 5145–5155, DOI: 10.1109/TPWRD.2022.3171783.
9. Gorbatov D.V. et al. Polarization Changes during a Lightning Strike: Isotropic Zones of Anisotropic Optical Fiber. – Bulletin of the Lebedev Physics Institute, 2023, 50 (S2), pp. S204–S212, DOI:10.3103/S1068335623140075.
10. Gorbatov D.V. et al. Effect of Anisotropy of a Single-Mode Fibre on Lightning-Induced Rotation of Polarisation of a Light Signal in an Optical Ground Wire. – Quantum Electronics, 2022, vol. 52(1), pp. 87–93, DOI:10.1070/QEL17970.
11. Lu L. et al. Experimental Study on Location of Lightning Stroke on OPGW by Means of a Distributed Optical Fiber Temperature Sensor. – Optics & Laser Technology, 2015, vol. 65, pp. 79–82, DOI:10.1016/j.optlastec.2014.07.007.
12. Huang S. et al. Transmission Line Lightning Monitoring System Using a Multiparameter Distributed Optical Fiber Sensor. – IEEE 2nd China International Youth Conference on Electrical Engine-ering (CIYCEE), 2021, DOI: 10.1109/CIYCEE53554.2021.9676793.
13. Feng X. et al. Research on Optical Fiber Composite Overhead Wire (OPGW) Lightning Monitoring Technology Based on Weak Fiber Bragg Grating Array. – Journal of Nanoelectronics and Optoelectronics, 2022, vol. 17, No. 1, pp. 170–176, DOI: 10.1166/jno.2022.3182.
14. Lysov N. et al. Physical Modeling of Positive Multistri-ke Lightning Formation. – Atmosphere, 2022, vol. 14, No. 1, DOI: 10.3390/atmos14010010.
15. Temnikov A. et al. Peculiarities of spectrum of electromagnetic signals induced by discharges from artificial thunderstorm cell. – Journal of Electrostatics, 2022, vol. 115, No. 4:103660, DOI: 10.1016/j.elstat.2021.103660.
16. Belova O.S. et al. Experimental Study of the Effect of Electric Fields of Thunderclouds on Fiber-Optic Communication Lines. – Bulletin of the Lebedev Physics Institute, 2023, vol. 50, No. 10, pp. 429–433, DOI:10.3103/S1068335623100032.
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The research was financially supported by the Russian Science Foundation, grant no. 23-79-10223, https://rscf.ru/project/23-79-10223
2. Prabakar K., Karady G.G. Design of an All-Dielectric Self-Supporting Cable System. – International Conference on High Voltage Engineering and Application, 2010, pp. 184–187, DOI: 10.1109/ICHVE.2010.5640833.
3. Листвин А.В., Листвин В.Н., Швырков Д.В. Оптические волокна для линий связи. М.: ЛЕСАР арт, 2003, 288 с.
4. Фитель В.В., Постников Е.А. Система для организации безопасности при взрывных работах на карьере на основе волоконно-оптического датчика движения. – Наука. Образование. Инновации: современное состояние актуальных проблем, 2023, с. 55–59.
5. Ландсберг Г.С. Оптика. М.: Физматлит, 2003, 848 с.
6. Соколов С.А. Воздействие внешних электромагнитных полей на оптические кабели связи и гибридные линии. М.: Горячая линия-Телеком, 2018, 214 с.
7. Kaijing Hu et al. Model and Experimental Verification of SOP Transient in OPGW Based on Direct Strike Lightning. – Opt. Express, 2023, 31(23), pp. 39102-39120, DOI: 10.1364/OE.502978.
8. Sun J. et al. Analytical Investigation of Lightning Strike-Induced Damage of OPGWs Based on a Coupled Arc-Electrical-Thermal Simulation. – IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 2022, vol. 37, No. 6, pp. 5145–5155, DOI: 10.1109/TPWRD.2022.3171783.
9. Gorbatov D.V. et al. Polarization Changes during a Lightning Strike: Isotropic Zones of Anisotropic Optical Fiber. – Bulletin of the Lebedev Physics Institute, 2023, 50 (S2), pp. S204–S212, DOI:10.3103/S1068335623140075.
10. Gorbatov D.V. et al. Effect of Anisotropy of a Single-Mode Fibre on Lightning-Induced Rotation of Polarisation of a Light Signal in an Optical Ground Wire. – Quantum Electronics, 2022, vol. 52(1), pp. 87–93, DOI:10.1070/QEL17970.
11. Lu L. et al. Experimental Study on Location of Lightning Stroke on OPGW by Means of a Distributed Optical Fiber Temperature Sensor. – Optics & Laser Technology, 2015, vol. 65, pp. 79–82, DOI:10. 1016/j.optlastec.2014.07.007.
12. Huang S. et al. Transmission Line Lightning Monitoring System Using a Multiparameter Distributed Optical Fiber Sensor. – IEEE 2nd China International Youth Conference on Electrical Engineering (CIYCEE), 2021, DOI: 10.1109/CIYCEE53554.2021.9676793.
13. Feng X. et al. Research on Optical Fiber Composite Overhead Wire (OPGW) Lightning Monitoring Technology Based on Weak Fiber Bragg Grating Array. – Journal of Nanoelectronics and Optoelectronics, 2022, vol. 17, No. 1, pp. 170–176, DOI: 10.1166/jno.2022.3182.
14. Lysov N. et al. Physical Modeling of Positive Multistrike Lightning Formation. – Atmosphere, 2022, vol. 14, No. 1, DOI: 10.3390/atmos14010010.
15. Temnikov A. et al. Peculiarities of spectrum of electromagnetic signals induced by discharges from artificial thunderstorm cell. – Journal of Electrostatics, 2022, vol. 115, No. 4:103660, DOI: 10.1016/j.elstat.2021.103660.
16. Belova O.S. et al. Experimental Study of the Effect of Electric Fields of Thunderclouds on Fiber-Optic Communication Lines. – Bulletin of the Lebedev Physics Institute, 2023, vol. 50, No. 10, pp. 429–433, DOI:10.3103/S1068335623100032
---
Исследование выполнено за счет гранта Российского научного фонда № 23-79-10223, https://rscf.ru/project/23-79-10223.
#
1. Sasaki T., Hasegawa T., Ishikawa H. Optical Fiber and Cables. – Springer Handbook of Optical Networks. Springer Handbooks, 2020, pp. 25–49, DOI:10.1007/978-3-030-16250-4_2.
2. Prabakar K., Karady G.G. Design of an All-Dielectric Self-Supporting Cable System. – International Conference on High Voltage Engineering and Application, 2010, pp. 184–187, DOI: 10.1109/ICHVE.2010.5640833.
3. Listvin A.V., Listvin V.N., Shvyrkov D.V. Opticheskie volokna dlya liniy svyazi (Optical Fibers for Communication Lines). M.: LESAR art, 2003, 288 p.
4. Fitel' V.V., Postnikov Е.А. Nauka. Obrazovanie. Innovatsii: sovremennoe sostoyanie aktual'nyh problem – in Russ. (Science. Education. Innovations: The Current State of Current Problems), 2023, pp. 55–59.
5. Landsberg G.S. Optika (Optics). M.: Fizmatlit, 2003, 848 p.
6. Sokolov S.A. Vozdeystvie vneshnih elektromagnitnyh poley na opticheskie kabeli svyazi i gibridnye linii (The Effect of External Electromagnetic Fields on Optical Communication Cables and Hybrid Lines). M.: Goryachaya liniya-Telekom, 2018, 214 p.
7. Kaijing Hu et al. Model and Experimental Verification of SOP Transient in OPGW Based on Direct Strike Lightning. – Opt. Express, 2023, 31(23), pp. 39102-39120, DOI: 10.1364/OE.502978.
8. Sun J. et al. Analytical Investigation of Lightning Strike-Induced Damage of OPGWs Based on a Coupled Arc-Electrical-Thermal Simulation. – IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 2022, vol. 37, No. 6, pp. 5145–5155, DOI: 10.1109/TPWRD.2022.3171783.
9. Gorbatov D.V. et al. Polarization Changes during a Lightning Strike: Isotropic Zones of Anisotropic Optical Fiber. – Bulletin of the Lebedev Physics Institute, 2023, 50 (S2), pp. S204–S212, DOI:10.3103/S1068335623140075.
10. Gorbatov D.V. et al. Effect of Anisotropy of a Single-Mode Fibre on Lightning-Induced Rotation of Polarisation of a Light Signal in an Optical Ground Wire. – Quantum Electronics, 2022, vol. 52(1), pp. 87–93, DOI:10.1070/QEL17970.
11. Lu L. et al. Experimental Study on Location of Lightning Stroke on OPGW by Means of a Distributed Optical Fiber Temperature Sensor. – Optics & Laser Technology, 2015, vol. 65, pp. 79–82, DOI:10.1016/j.optlastec.2014.07.007.
12. Huang S. et al. Transmission Line Lightning Monitoring System Using a Multiparameter Distributed Optical Fiber Sensor. – IEEE 2nd China International Youth Conference on Electrical Engine-ering (CIYCEE), 2021, DOI: 10.1109/CIYCEE53554.2021.9676793.
13. Feng X. et al. Research on Optical Fiber Composite Overhead Wire (OPGW) Lightning Monitoring Technology Based on Weak Fiber Bragg Grating Array. – Journal of Nanoelectronics and Optoelectronics, 2022, vol. 17, No. 1, pp. 170–176, DOI: 10.1166/jno.2022.3182.
14. Lysov N. et al. Physical Modeling of Positive Multistri-ke Lightning Formation. – Atmosphere, 2022, vol. 14, No. 1, DOI: 10.3390/atmos14010010.
15. Temnikov A. et al. Peculiarities of spectrum of electromagnetic signals induced by discharges from artificial thunderstorm cell. – Journal of Electrostatics, 2022, vol. 115, No. 4:103660, DOI: 10.1016/j.elstat.2021.103660.
16. Belova O.S. et al. Experimental Study of the Effect of Electric Fields of Thunderclouds on Fiber-Optic Communication Lines. – Bulletin of the Lebedev Physics Institute, 2023, vol. 50, No. 10, pp. 429–433, DOI:10.3103/S1068335623100032.
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The research was financially supported by the Russian Science Foundation, grant no. 23-79-10223, https://rscf.ru/project/23-79-10223
