A Flow Battery Based Source for Autonomous Power Supply Systems
Keywords:
flow batteries, stack, positive and negative electrolytes, test bench
Abstract
Flow batteries are a highly efficient solution for long-term energy storage in critical and alternative power supply facilities. The main advantage of a flow cell is the ability to create batteries of unlimited power and energy capacity by changing the cell area, the number of cells in the battery, and the capacity of tanks with electrolytes. The key element of a flow battery, in particular, a vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB), is a flow cell. A technology for manufacturing an electrolyte for a flow battery has been developed, and its volume sufficient for laboratory research has been synthesized. A 5 kW flow battery has been tested, and a schematic design for the placement of laboratory technological equipment for industry-grade synthesis of electrolyte has been developed. A VRFB control system has been developed those collects, analyzes and stores data from sensors, and performs automatic and manual control of pumps for pumping electrolyte through the flow cells. The article presents the results of testing a vanadium flow battery stack on the test bench constructed by JSC MPOTK TEKHNOKOMPLEKT.
References
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#
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2. Kuzmin I., et al. Source for Autonomous Power Supply System Based on Flow Battery. – Energies, 2022, 15 (9), 3027, DOI:10.3390/en15093027.
3. Renewable Capacity Statistics 2018. The International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) [Электрон. ресурс], URL: http://www.irena.org (дата обращения 30.05.2022).
4. Стационарные системы накопления энергии. Технология проточных редокс-батарей, 2019 [Электрон. ресурс], URL: www.rusbat.com/Redox.pdf (дата обращения 30.05.2022).
5. Chen R, Kim S, Chang Z. Redox Flow Batteries: Fundamentals and Applications. – in Book: Redox: Principles and Advance Applications. London: InTech, 2017, pp. 103–118, DOI: 10.5772/ intechopen.68752.
6. Schoenung S.M. Energy Storage Systems Cost Update. A Stu-dy for the DOE Energy Storage Systems Program. Sandia Report, SAND2011-2730, 2011, 30 p., DOI:10.2172/1013227.
7. Regulatory Indicators for Sustainable Energy (RISE), 2020 [Электрон. ресурс], URL: https://rise.worldbank.org/reports, https://rise.worldbank.org/scores (дата обращения 02.09.2021).
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13. Pawel I. The Cost of Storage – How to Calculate the Levelized Cost of Stored Energy (LCOE) and Applications to Renewable Energy Generation. – Energy Procedia, 2014, vol. 46, pp. 68–77, DOI:10.1016/j.egypro.2014.01.159.
14. ГОСТ IEC/TS 62282-7-1-2016. Технологии производства топливных батарей. Ч. 7-1. Топливные элементы с полимерным электролитом. Методы испытаний единичного элемента. М.: Стандартинформ, 2017, 38 с.
15. Energy Storage Trends and Opportunities in Emerging Markets [Электрон. ресурс], URL: https://www.connect4climate.org/publication/energy-storage-trends-and-opportunities-emerging-markets (дата обращения 20.05.2022)
#
1. Belov D.V., et al. Elektrichestvo – in Russ. (Electricity), 2020, No. 10, pp. 4–11.
2. Kuzmin I., et al. Source for Autonomous Power Supply System Based on Flow Battery. – Energies, 2022, 15 (9), 3027, DOI:10.3390/en15093027.
3. Renewable Capacity Statistics 2018. The International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) [Electron. resource], URL: http://www.irena.org (Date of appeal 30.05.2022).
4. Statsionarnye sistemy nakopleniya energii. Tekhnologiya protochnyh redoks-batarey (Stationary Energy Storage Systems. Technology of Flowing Redox Batteries), 2019 [Electron. resource], URL: www.rus-bat.com/Redox.pdf (Date of appeal 30.05.2022).
5. Chen R, Kim S, Chang Z. Redox Flow Batteries: Fundamentals and Applications. – in Book: Redox: Principles and Advance Applications. London: InTech, 2017, pp. 103–118, DOI: 10.5772/ intechopen.68752.
6. Schoenung S.M. Energy Storage Systems Cost Update. A Study for the DOE Energy Storage Systems Program. Sandia Report, SAND2011-2730, 2011, 30 p., DOI:10.2172/1013227.
7. Regulatory Indicators for Sustainable Energy (RISE), 2020 [Electron. resource], URL: https://rise.worldbank.org/reports, https://rise.worldbank.org/scores (Date of appeal 02.09.2021).
8. Heraldnet [Electron. resource], URL: http://www.heraldnet.com/news/pud-invests-in-11-2-million-in-energy-storing-units/ (Date of appeal 02.09.2021).
9. UniEnergy Technologies [Electron. resource], URL: http://www.uetechnologies.com/technology (Date of appeal 02.09.2021).
10. World Economic Outlook Database, 2021 [Electron. resource], URL: http://www.imf.org (Date of appeal 02.09.2021).
11. Rahman А., Skyllas-Kazacos M. Vanadium Redox Battery: Positive Half-Cell Electrolyte Studies. – Journal of Power Sources, 2009, 189(2), pp.1212–1219, DOI: DOI:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2008.12.113.
12. Global Storage Market to Double Six Times by 2030 [Electron. resource], URL: https://about.bnef.com/blog/global-storage-market-double-six-times-2030 (Date of appeal 20.05.2022).
13. Pawel I. The Cost of Storage – How to Calculate the Levelized Cost of Stored Energy (LCOE) and Applications to Renewable Energy Generation. – Energy Procedia, 2014, vol. 46, pp. 68–77, DOI:10.1016/j.egypro.2014.01.159.
14. GОSТ IEC/TS 62282-7-1-2016. Tekhnologii proizvodstva toplivnyh batarey. Ch. 7-1. Toplivnye elementy s polimernym elektrolitom. Metody ispytaniy edinichnogo elementa (Fuel Cell Technologies. Part 7-1. Single Cell Test Methods for Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell). М.: Standartinform, 2017, 38 p.
15. Energy Storage Trends and Opportunities in Emerging Markets [Electron. resource], URL: https://www.connect4climate.org/publication/energy-storage-trends-and-opportunities-emerging-markets (Date of appeal 20.05.2022)
Published
2022-05-30
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