Development of a Superconducting Wire for the Central Solenoid of a Tokamak with Reactor Technologies (TRT)
Abstract
The article presents the results of the preliminary development of a superconducting wire based on the VS type design and parallel tape packages for the central solenoid of a compact tokamak with reactor technologies (TRT). One of the main problems that must be solved for successfully implementing such projects is to develop high-current high-temperature superconducting (HTS) conductors for toroidal excitation coils and central solenoid sections. The magnetic system compactness entails the need to develop a conductor with a high engineering current density up to 90 A/mm2. The operating current in the windings should be at a level of 60 kA at 15 K in a magnetic field of 15 T. The wire in the central solenoid experiences significant mechanical loads caused by Lorentz forces. In addition, in view of a significant energy stored in the magnet, there is a need to have elements in the conductor able to perform emergency evacuation of energy with an acceptable voltage across the winding and its heating that will not entail damage to its elements. The conductor structure should have enough space to accommodate stabilizing and strengthening materials, as well as cooling channels. Two design versions of the VS type conductor based on radially arranged second-generation HTS tapes and based on parallel packages are considered. The design characteristics of the proposed conductors are analyzed for various operating modes of the tokamak electromagnetic system. The results of FEM-based calculations of the magnetic field distribution in a conductor, its current carrying capacity and energy loss estimation in a varying magnetic field are presented.
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#
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15. Uglietti D. Test of 60 kA Coated Conductor Cable Prototypes for Fusion Magnets. – Superconductor Science and Technology, 2015, vol. 28(12), DOI:10.1088/0953-2048/28/12/124005.
16. Hartwig Z. et al. VIPER: an Industrially Scalable High-Current High-Temperature Superconductor Cable. – Superconductor Science and Technology, 2020, 33(11), 11LT01, DOI:10.1088/1361-6668/abb8c0.
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32. Lelekhov S.A., Sytnikov V.E. Conductor Design for Toroidal Field Coils of a High Magnetic Field Tokamak TRT. – IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 2022, vol. 32, No. 6, 4201805.
33. Lelekhov S. The Usage Experience of High Current Conductor with Parallel SC Wires for Magnets. –ASC14, ID 1951493, 3LPo2J-01, Charlotte, 2014, p. 181.
34. Lelekhov S.A. Analysis of a Possibility to Use Parallel Non-Twisted Stacks of HTS Tapes as Cable in High Current Conductor of Tokamak Toroidal Field Coils. – IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 2021, vol.31, No 5, DOI:10.1109/TASC.2021.3069322.
35. Uglietti D. et al. Non-Twisted Stacks of Coated Conductors for Magnets: Analysis of Inductance and AC Losses. – Cryogenics, 2020, vol. 110, DOI:10.1016/j.cryogenics.2020.103118
