The High-Voltage Pulse Generator Based on a Cascade Frequency Converter
Keywords:
high-voltage pulse generator, generator with a pulse transformer, Arkadiev–Baklin–Marx generator, Fitch–Howell spiral generator, cascade frequency converter
Abstract
A generator of high-voltage pulses based on a cascade frequency converter has been developed. The generator is designed to test the electrical insulation pulse strength of the windings of electric machines powered by frequency converters. During the development, the generator operation was simulated in the SimInTech software environment. The most well-known generator circuits were analyzed. The developed generator circuit is modeled by the circuit engineering method in various operation modes. It has been shown that in terms of its output parameters (the shape of voltage pulses, their amplitude, front and fall, duration and frequency of pulse repetition), the generator is completely equivalent to frequency converters with pulse width modulation. The proposed generator circuit makes it possible to perform life-time insulation tests and insulation tests with maximum voltage by single pulses. The generator’s main technical characteristics are as follows: unipolar pulses with an amplitude of up to 6 kV or bipolar pulses with a peak-to-peak amplitude of up to 12 kV with a smooth amplitude adjustment step, the duration of voltage pulses from 20 to 1000 μs with an adjustable front duration from minimum to 50 μs, pulse repetition frequency from single to 1 kHz, the generator rated full power up to 50 kVA.
References
1. Grubic S. et al. A Survey on Testing and Monitoring. Methods for Stator Insulation Systems of Low-Voltage Induction Machines Focusing on Turn Insulation Problems. – IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2008, 55(12): pp. 4127–4136, DOI:10.1109/TIE.2008.2004665.
2. Леонов А.П., Колесников С.В. Надёжность изоляции статорных обмоток частотно-управляемых электродвигателей. – Электротехнические и информационные комплексы и системы, 2022, т. 18, № 1, с. 33–62.
3. Stone G.C., Culbert M., Lloyd B.A. Stator Insulation Problems Associated with Low Voltage and Medium Voltage PWM Drives. – IEEE Cement Industry Technical Conference Record, 2007, DOI: 10.1109/CITCON.2007.358997.
4. Леонов А.П., Солдатенко Т.М. Оценка срока службы изоляции кабельных изделий для систем питания и управления горношахтного электрооборудования. – Известия Томского политехнического университета. Инжиниринг георесурсов, 2022, т. 333, № 1, с. 113–120.
5. Martinez -Tarifa J.M., Amaris H., Sanz J. Frequency Domain Modeling of Random Wound Motor Windings for Insulation Stress Analysis. – Electrical Engineering, 2006, 88(5), pp. 403–409, DOI:10.1007/s00202-005-0300-8.
6. Gavrilenko V.N. Characterization of Winding Insulation of Electrical Machines Fed by Voltage Waves with High dV/dt: PhD Thesis in Electrical Engineering. Universite Paris-Saclay, 2020.
7. ГОСТ Р МЭК 60034-4-18-42-2012. Машины электрические вращающиеся. Часть 4. Методы экспериментального определения параметров синхронных машин. М. Стандартинформ, 2014, 87 с.
8. Taherian M. et al. A Modular Unipolar/Bipolar High-Voltage Pulse Generator Suitable for High Resistive Load. – IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science, 2023, DOI:10.1109/TPS.2023.3262153.
9. Месяц Г.А. Импульсная энергетика и электроника. М.: Наука, 2004, 704 с.
10. Крастелев Е.Г. и др. Мощные электроимпульсные системы. Часть II. М.: МИФИ, 2008, 144 с.
11. Zhang Z. et al. A Modular Push-Pull-Flyback High-Voltage Pulse Generator for Electric Field Emulation During a Lighting Strike. – IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2023, 38(6), pp. 7322–7335, DOI:10.1109/TPEL.2023.3258523.
12. Melfi M. et al. Effect of Surge Voltage Risetime on the Insulation of Low-Voltage Machines Fed by PWM Converters. – IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 1998, vol. 34 (4), pp. 766–775, DOI:10.1109/28.703971.
13. Жмеров Г.Г., Тугай Д.В., Титаренко И.Г. Моделирование электропривода переменного тока с каскадным многоуровневым инвертором напряжения. – Электротехника и электромеханика, 2013, № 2, с. 40–47.
14. Вдовин С.С. Проектирование импульсных трансформаторов. Л.: Энергоатомиздат, 1991, 208 с.
15. Месяц Г.А., Насибов А.С., Кремнёв В.В. Формирование наносекундных импульсов высокого напряжения. М.: Энергия, 1970, 154 с.
16. Конесев С.Г., Кириллов Р.В. Генераторы импульсов напряжений. Применение и обзор схемотехнических решений. – Национальная ассоциация ученых, 2015, № 2-3(7), с. 106–110.
17. Пичугина М.Т. Высоковольтная электротехника. Томск: Изд-во ТПУ, 2011, 136 с.
18. Fitch R.A., Howell V.T.S. Novel Principle of Transient High-Voltage Generation. – Proceedings of the Institution of Electrical Engineers, 1964, 111(4), 849, DOI:10.1049/piee.1964.0139.
19. Rao J. et al. A High-Voltage Solid-State Marx Generator with Adjustable Pulse Edges. – High Voltage, 2023, 8(3), DOI:10.1049/hve2.12311.
20. Важов В.Ф., Лавринович В.А. Техника высоких напряжений. М.: Инфра-М, 2015, 263 с.
21. Белоусов И.В. и др. Широтно-импульсные преобразователи электрической энергии. СПб.: Крыловский государственный научный центр, 2019, 228 с.
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Авторы выражают благодарность генеральному директору ФГУП «Крыловский государственный научный центр» Олегу Владиславовичу Савченко за проявленный интерес к работе и финансовую помощь
#
1. Grubic S. et al. A Survey on Testing and Monitoring. Methods for Stator Insulation Systems of Low-Voltage Induction Machines Focusing on Turn Insulation Problems. – IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2008, 55(12): pp. 4127–4136, DOI:10.1109/TIE.2008.2004665.
2. Leonov A.P., Kolesnikov S.V. Elektrotekhnicheskie i informatsionnye kompleksy i sistemy – in Russ. (Electrical Engineering and Information Complexes and Systems), 2022, vol. 18, No. 1, pp. 33–62.
3. Stone G.C., Culbert M., Lloyd B.A. Stator Insulation Problems Associated with Low Voltage and Medium Voltage PWM Drives. – IEEE Cement Industry Technical Conference Record, 2007, DOI: 10.1109/CITCON.2007.358997.
4. Leonov A.P., Soldatenko Т.М. Izvestiya Tomskogo politekhnicheskogo universiteta. Inzhiniring georesursov – in Russ. (Proceedings of Tomsk Polytechnic University. Georesource Engineering), 2022, vol. 333, No. 1, pp. 113–120.
5. Martinez -Tarifa J.M., Amaris H., Sanz J. Frequency Domain Modeling of Random Wound Motor Windings for Insulation Stress Analysis. – Electrical Engineering, 2006, 88(5), pp. 403–409, DOI:10.1007/s00202-005-0300-8.
6. Gavrilenko V.N. Characterization of Winding Insulation of Electrical Machines Fed by Voltage Waves with High dV/dt: PhD Thesis in Electrical Engineering. Universite Paris-Saclay, 2020.
7. GОSТ R МEК 60034-4-18-42-2012. Mashiny elektricheskie vrashchayushchiesya. Chast' 4. Metody eksperimental'nogo opredeleniya parametrov sinhronnyh mashin (Rotating Electrical Machines. Part 4: Methods for Determining Synchronous Machine Quantities from Tests). M. Standartinform, 2014, 87 p.
8. Taherian M. et al. A Modular Unipolar/Bipolar High-Voltage Pulse Generator Suitable for High Resistive Load. – IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science, 2023, DOI:10.1109/TPS.2023.3262153.
9. Mesyats G.А. Impul'snaya energetika i elektronika (Pulse Power Engineering and Electronics). M.: Nauka, 2004, 704 p.
10. Krastelev E.G. et al. Moshchnye elektroimpul'snye sistemy. Chast' II (Powerful Electric Pulse Systems. Part II). М.: MIFI, 2008, 144 p.
11. Zhang Z. et al. A Modular Push-Pull-Flyback High-Voltage Pulse Generator for Electric Field Emulation During a Lighting Strike. – IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2023, 38(6), pp. 7322–7335, DOI:10.1109/TPEL.2023.3258523.
12. Melfi M. et al. Effect of Surge Voltage Risetime on the Insulation of Low-Voltage Machines Fed by PWM Converters. – IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 1998, vol. 34 (4), pp. 766–775, DOI:10.1109/28.703971.
13. Zhmerov G.G., Tugay D.V., Titarenko I.G. Elektrotekhnika i elektromekhanika – in Russ. (Electrical Engineering and Electromechanics), 2013, No. 2, pp. 40–47.
14. Vdovin S.S. Proektirovanie impul'snyh transformatorov (De-sign of Pulse Transformers). L.: Energoatomizdat, 1991, 208 p.
15. Mesyats G.A., Nasibov A.S., Kremnyov V.V. Formirovanie nanosekundnyh impul'sov vysokogo napryazheniya (Formation of High Voltage Nanosecond Pulses). M.: Energiya, 1970, 154 p.
16. Konesev S.G., Kirillov R.V. Natsional'naya assotsia-tsiya uchenyh – in Russ. (National Association of Scientists), 2015, No. 2-3(7), pp. 106–110.
17. Pichugina М.Т. Vysokovol'tnaya elektrotekhnika (High-Vol-tage Electrical Engineering). Tomsk: Izd-vo TPU, 2011, 136 p.
18. Fitch R.A., Howell V.T.S. Novel Principle of Transient High-Voltage Generation. – Proceedings of the Institution of Electrical Engineers, 1964, 111(4), 849, DOI:10.1049/piee.1964.0139.
19. Rao J. et al. A High-Voltage Solid-State Marx Generator with Adjustable Pulse Edges. – High Voltage, 2023, 8(3), DOI:10.1049/hve2.12311.
20. Vazhov V.F., Lavrinovich V.А. Tekhnika vysokih napryazhe-niy (High Voltage Technique). Tomsk: TPU, 2014, 263 p.
21. Belousov I.V. et al. Shirotno-impul'snye preobrazovateli elektricheskoy energii (Pulse-Width Converters of Electrical Energy). SPb.: Krylovskiy gosudarstvennyy nauchnyy tsentr, 2019, 228 p
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The authors express their gratitude to Oleg Vladislavovich Savchenko, General Director of FSUE Krylov State Research Center, for financial support and interest in the work
2. Леонов А.П., Колесников С.В. Надёжность изоляции статорных обмоток частотно-управляемых электродвигателей. – Электротехнические и информационные комплексы и системы, 2022, т. 18, № 1, с. 33–62.
3. Stone G.C., Culbert M., Lloyd B.A. Stator Insulation Problems Associated with Low Voltage and Medium Voltage PWM Drives. – IEEE Cement Industry Technical Conference Record, 2007, DOI: 10.1109/CITCON.2007.358997.
4. Леонов А.П., Солдатенко Т.М. Оценка срока службы изоляции кабельных изделий для систем питания и управления горношахтного электрооборудования. – Известия Томского политехнического университета. Инжиниринг георесурсов, 2022, т. 333, № 1, с. 113–120.
5. Martinez -Tarifa J.M., Amaris H., Sanz J. Frequency Domain Modeling of Random Wound Motor Windings for Insulation Stress Analysis. – Electrical Engineering, 2006, 88(5), pp. 403–409, DOI:10.1007/s00202-005-0300-8.
6. Gavrilenko V.N. Characterization of Winding Insulation of Electrical Machines Fed by Voltage Waves with High dV/dt: PhD Thesis in Electrical Engineering. Universite Paris-Saclay, 2020.
7. ГОСТ Р МЭК 60034-4-18-42-2012. Машины электрические вращающиеся. Часть 4. Методы экспериментального определения параметров синхронных машин. М. Стандартинформ, 2014, 87 с.
8. Taherian M. et al. A Modular Unipolar/Bipolar High-Voltage Pulse Generator Suitable for High Resistive Load. – IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science, 2023, DOI:10.1109/TPS.2023.3262153.
9. Месяц Г.А. Импульсная энергетика и электроника. М.: Наука, 2004, 704 с.
10. Крастелев Е.Г. и др. Мощные электроимпульсные системы. Часть II. М.: МИФИ, 2008, 144 с.
11. Zhang Z. et al. A Modular Push-Pull-Flyback High-Voltage Pulse Generator for Electric Field Emulation During a Lighting Strike. – IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2023, 38(6), pp. 7322–7335, DOI:10.1109/TPEL.2023.3258523.
12. Melfi M. et al. Effect of Surge Voltage Risetime on the Insulation of Low-Voltage Machines Fed by PWM Converters. – IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 1998, vol. 34 (4), pp. 766–775, DOI:10.1109/28.703971.
13. Жмеров Г.Г., Тугай Д.В., Титаренко И.Г. Моделирование электропривода переменного тока с каскадным многоуровневым инвертором напряжения. – Электротехника и электромеханика, 2013, № 2, с. 40–47.
14. Вдовин С.С. Проектирование импульсных трансформаторов. Л.: Энергоатомиздат, 1991, 208 с.
15. Месяц Г.А., Насибов А.С., Кремнёв В.В. Формирование наносекундных импульсов высокого напряжения. М.: Энергия, 1970, 154 с.
16. Конесев С.Г., Кириллов Р.В. Генераторы импульсов напряжений. Применение и обзор схемотехнических решений. – Национальная ассоциация ученых, 2015, № 2-3(7), с. 106–110.
17. Пичугина М.Т. Высоковольтная электротехника. Томск: Изд-во ТПУ, 2011, 136 с.
18. Fitch R.A., Howell V.T.S. Novel Principle of Transient High-Voltage Generation. – Proceedings of the Institution of Electrical Engineers, 1964, 111(4), 849, DOI:10.1049/piee.1964.0139.
19. Rao J. et al. A High-Voltage Solid-State Marx Generator with Adjustable Pulse Edges. – High Voltage, 2023, 8(3), DOI:10.1049/hve2.12311.
20. Важов В.Ф., Лавринович В.А. Техника высоких напряжений. М.: Инфра-М, 2015, 263 с.
21. Белоусов И.В. и др. Широтно-импульсные преобразователи электрической энергии. СПб.: Крыловский государственный научный центр, 2019, 228 с.
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Авторы выражают благодарность генеральному директору ФГУП «Крыловский государственный научный центр» Олегу Владиславовичу Савченко за проявленный интерес к работе и финансовую помощь
#
1. Grubic S. et al. A Survey on Testing and Monitoring. Methods for Stator Insulation Systems of Low-Voltage Induction Machines Focusing on Turn Insulation Problems. – IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2008, 55(12): pp. 4127–4136, DOI:10.1109/TIE.2008.2004665.
2. Leonov A.P., Kolesnikov S.V. Elektrotekhnicheskie i informatsionnye kompleksy i sistemy – in Russ. (Electrical Engineering and Information Complexes and Systems), 2022, vol. 18, No. 1, pp. 33–62.
3. Stone G.C., Culbert M., Lloyd B.A. Stator Insulation Problems Associated with Low Voltage and Medium Voltage PWM Drives. – IEEE Cement Industry Technical Conference Record, 2007, DOI: 10.1109/CITCON.2007.358997.
4. Leonov A.P., Soldatenko Т.М. Izvestiya Tomskogo politekhnicheskogo universiteta. Inzhiniring georesursov – in Russ. (Proceedings of Tomsk Polytechnic University. Georesource Engineering), 2022, vol. 333, No. 1, pp. 113–120.
5. Martinez -Tarifa J.M., Amaris H., Sanz J. Frequency Domain Modeling of Random Wound Motor Windings for Insulation Stress Analysis. – Electrical Engineering, 2006, 88(5), pp. 403–409, DOI:10.1007/s00202-005-0300-8.
6. Gavrilenko V.N. Characterization of Winding Insulation of Electrical Machines Fed by Voltage Waves with High dV/dt: PhD Thesis in Electrical Engineering. Universite Paris-Saclay, 2020.
7. GОSТ R МEК 60034-4-18-42-2012. Mashiny elektricheskie vrashchayushchiesya. Chast' 4. Metody eksperimental'nogo opredeleniya parametrov sinhronnyh mashin (Rotating Electrical Machines. Part 4: Methods for Determining Synchronous Machine Quantities from Tests). M. Standartinform, 2014, 87 p.
8. Taherian M. et al. A Modular Unipolar/Bipolar High-Voltage Pulse Generator Suitable for High Resistive Load. – IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science, 2023, DOI:10.1109/TPS.2023.3262153.
9. Mesyats G.А. Impul'snaya energetika i elektronika (Pulse Power Engineering and Electronics). M.: Nauka, 2004, 704 p.
10. Krastelev E.G. et al. Moshchnye elektroimpul'snye sistemy. Chast' II (Powerful Electric Pulse Systems. Part II). М.: MIFI, 2008, 144 p.
11. Zhang Z. et al. A Modular Push-Pull-Flyback High-Voltage Pulse Generator for Electric Field Emulation During a Lighting Strike. – IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2023, 38(6), pp. 7322–7335, DOI:10.1109/TPEL.2023.3258523.
12. Melfi M. et al. Effect of Surge Voltage Risetime on the Insulation of Low-Voltage Machines Fed by PWM Converters. – IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 1998, vol. 34 (4), pp. 766–775, DOI:10.1109/28.703971.
13. Zhmerov G.G., Tugay D.V., Titarenko I.G. Elektrotekhnika i elektromekhanika – in Russ. (Electrical Engineering and Electromechanics), 2013, No. 2, pp. 40–47.
14. Vdovin S.S. Proektirovanie impul'snyh transformatorov (De-sign of Pulse Transformers). L.: Energoatomizdat, 1991, 208 p.
15. Mesyats G.A., Nasibov A.S., Kremnyov V.V. Formirovanie nanosekundnyh impul'sov vysokogo napryazheniya (Formation of High Voltage Nanosecond Pulses). M.: Energiya, 1970, 154 p.
16. Konesev S.G., Kirillov R.V. Natsional'naya assotsia-tsiya uchenyh – in Russ. (National Association of Scientists), 2015, No. 2-3(7), pp. 106–110.
17. Pichugina М.Т. Vysokovol'tnaya elektrotekhnika (High-Vol-tage Electrical Engineering). Tomsk: Izd-vo TPU, 2011, 136 p.
18. Fitch R.A., Howell V.T.S. Novel Principle of Transient High-Voltage Generation. – Proceedings of the Institution of Electrical Engineers, 1964, 111(4), 849, DOI:10.1049/piee.1964.0139.
19. Rao J. et al. A High-Voltage Solid-State Marx Generator with Adjustable Pulse Edges. – High Voltage, 2023, 8(3), DOI:10.1049/hve2.12311.
20. Vazhov V.F., Lavrinovich V.А. Tekhnika vysokih napryazhe-niy (High Voltage Technique). Tomsk: TPU, 2014, 263 p.
21. Belousov I.V. et al. Shirotno-impul'snye preobrazovateli elektricheskoy energii (Pulse-Width Converters of Electrical Energy). SPb.: Krylovskiy gosudarstvennyy nauchnyy tsentr, 2019, 228 p
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The authors express their gratitude to Oleg Vladislavovich Savchenko, General Director of FSUE Krylov State Research Center, for financial support and interest in the work
Published
2023-10-26
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