An Algorithm for Generating Daily Load Schedules for an Active Energy Complex Containing a Wind Farm and a Solar Power Plant
Keywords:
active energy complex, management, renewable energy sources, optimization
Abstract
A "pilot" project for development of active energy complexes (AEC) is continuing under the supervision of RAO UES. In addition to economic considerations, the possibility of using environmentally clean energy serves as a significant reason for the transition to AECs. The key difference between an AEC and a power system is that the consumer plays a broader role in managing the AEC. The article considers the problem of managing an AEC implemented on the basis of environmentally clean sources of generating capacity. Mathematical models of the applied AEC elements are presented. An algorithm has been developed to solve the problem of forming daily electrical load schedules. The algorithm is based on adjusting the planned load schedules of active consumers registered in the demand management program, which implements the "load shifting" principle. The problem of choosing the optimal load shifting option is solved by a search, and the problem of reducing the time to consider a variety of possible options is solved by rejecting obviously unsuitable versions. The stated problem is solved by minimizing a specified objective function with constraints in the form of equalities and inequalities. The proposed algorithm has been tried out on a test circuit representing an AEC the power in which is generated at a wind farm and a solar power plant.
References
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8. Blake S., O'Sullivan D. Optimization of Distributed Energy Resources in an Inustrial Microgrid. – Procedia CIRP, 2018, vol. 67, pp. 104-109, DOI: 10.3390/electronics11071002.
9. Bektaş Z., Kayakutlu G. Review and Clustering of Optimal Energy Management Problem Studies for Industrial Microgrids. – International Journal of Energy Research, 2021, vol. 45(1), pp. 103–117, DOI:10.1002/er.5652.
10. Amirthalakshmi T.M. et al. A Novel Approach in Hybrid Energy Storage System for Maximizing Solar PV Energy Penetration in Microgrid. – International Journal of Photoenergy, 2022, DOI:10.1155/2022/3559837 I.
11. Кролин А. Изменение климата и действующие обязательства стран по смягчению его последствий в новых экономических условиях. – Энергетическая политика, 2023, № 5(183), с. 20–27.
12. Mustafa M. et al. Hybrid Renewable Power Generation for Modelling and Controlling the Battery Storage Photovoltaic System. – International Journal of Photoenergy, 2022, 9491808, DOI:10.1155/2022/9491808.
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17. Голубчик Т.В., Куликов А.С., Аль-Антаки А.М.А. Опыт применения автоматизированных систем накопления энергии на базе литий-ионных аккумуляторных батарей в автономных солнечно-дизельных электростанциях – Электричество, 2022, № 9, с. 66–75.
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19. Dabur P., Singh G., Yadav N.K. Electricity Demand Side Management: Various Concept and Prospects. – International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering, 2012, vol. 1(1).
20. Управление спросом в электроэнергетике России: открывающиеся возможности: Экспертно-аналитический доклад / под ред. Ф. Опадчего, Д. Холкина. М.:IDEA библиотека, 2019, 102 с.
21. Glazunova A., Semshchikov E., Negnevitsky M. Measurement verification for power systems with battery energy storage integration. – International Conference on Smart Grids and Energy Systems, 2020, DOI: 10.1109/SGES51519.2020.00079.
22. Мокшин М., Путитов А. Оценка эффективности ветроэнергетики при проектировании с использованием алгоритмического моделирования. – Энергетическая политика, 2023, № 12(191), с. 80–91.
23. Zhu L. et al. Direct Load Control in Microgrids to Enhance the Performance of Integrated Resources Planning. – IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 2015, vol. 51(5), pp. 3553–3560.
24. Обухов С.Г. и др. Анализ энергетических характеристик солнечных батарей при частичном затенении – Электричество, 2022, № 9, с. 6–16.
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Работа выполнена в рамках проекта государственного задания (№ FWEU-2021-0001) программы фундаментальных исследований РФ на 2021–2030 гг.
#
1. Datsko К.А. Energeticheskaya politika – in Russ. (Energy policy), 2020, No. 6(148), pp. 64–75.
2. Elektroenergiya. Peredacha i raspredelenie – in Russ. (Electricity. Transmission and Distribution), 2020, No. 2(59), pp. 26–29.
3. Marnay C., Robio F.J., Siddiqui A.S. Shape of the Microgrid. – IEEE Power Engineering Society Winter Meeting, 2001, DOI: 10.1109/PESW.2001.917022.
4. Karanina E., Bortnikov M. Industrial Microgrids in Russia: Regional Systemic Effects of Its Implementation. – E3S Web of Conferences, 2020, No.164, DOI:10.1051/e3sconf/202016410011.
5. Byk F.L., Epifantsev A.V. Biznes. Obrazovanie. Pravo – in Russ. (Business. Education. Law), 2021, No. 2(55), pp. 234–238.
6. Energoekspert – in Russ. (Energy Expert), 2020, No. 4(76), pp. 4.
7. Gutiérrez-Oliva D., Colmenar-Santos A., Rosales-Asensio E. A Review of the State of the Art of Industrial Microgrids Based on Renewable Energy. – Electronics, 2022, 11(7), DOI:10.3390/electronics11071002.
8. Blake S., O'Sullivan D. Optimization of Distributed Energy Resources in an Industrial Microgrid. – Procedia CIRP, 2018, vol. 67, pp. 104-109, DOI: 10.3390/electronics11071002.
9. Bektaş Z., Kayakutlu G. Review and Clustering of Optimal Energy Management Problem Studies for Industrial Microgrids. – International Journal of Energy Research, 2021, vol. 45(1),pp. 103–117, DOI:10.1002/er.5652.
10. Amirthalakshmi T.M. et al. A Novel Approach in Hybrid Energy Storage System for Maximizing Solar PV Energy Penetration in Microgrid. – International Journal of Photoenergy, 2022, DOI:10.1155/ 2022/3559837 I.
11. Krolin А. Energeticheskaya politika – in Russ. (Energy policy), 2023, No. 5(183), pp. 20–27.
12. Mustafa M. et al. Hybrid Renewable Power Generation for Modelling and Controlling the Battery Storage Photovoltaic System. – International Journal of Photoenergy, 2022, 9491808, DOI:10.1155/2022/9491808.
13. Suslov К. et al. Energeticheskaya politika – in Russ. (Energy policy), 2023, No. 7(185), pp. 26–45.
14. Dzedik V., Usacheva I., Motkova А. Energeticheskaya politika – in Russ. (Energy policy), 2023, No. 3(181), c. 62–69.
15. Bernal-Agustín G.L., Dufo-López R. Simulation and Optimization of stand-Alone Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems. – Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2009, vol. 13, No. 8, pp. 2111–2118, DOI:10.1016/j.rser.2009.01.010.
16. Tokarev I.S. et al. Elektrichestvo – in Russ. (Electricity), 2024, No. 4, pp. 51–61.
17. Golubchik T.V., Kulikov A.S., Al'-Antaki А.М.А. Elektrichestvo – in Russ. (Electricity), 2022, No. 9, pp. 66–75.
18. Violette D. et al. Demand Response: Principles for Regulatory Guidance. – A Policy Paper by the Peak Load Management Alliance (PLMA), 2002, DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.35289.88166.
19. Dabur P., Singh G., Yadav N.K. Electricity Demand Side Management: Various Concept and Prospects. – International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering, 2012, vol. 1(1).
20. Upravlenie sprosom v elektroenergetike Rossii: otkryvayushchiesya vozmozhnosti: Ekspertno-analiticheskiy doklad (Demand Management in the Russian Electric Power Industry: Emerging Opportunities: Expert and Analytical Report) / By Ed. F. Opadchy, D. Holkin. М.: IDEA biblioteka, 2019, 102 p.
21. Glazunova A., Semshchikov E., Negnevitsky M. Measurement verification for power systems with battery energy storage integration. – International Conference on Smart Grids and Energy Systems, 2020, DOI: 10.1109/SGES51519.2020.00079.
22. Mokshin M., Putitov А. Energeticheskaya politika – in Russ. (Energy policy), 2023, 12(191), pp. 80–91.
23. Zhu L. et al. Direct Load Control in Microgrids to Enhance the Performance of Integrated Resources Planning. – IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 2015, vol. 51(5), pp. 3553–3560.
24. Obuhov S.G. et al. Elektrichestvo – in Russ. (Electricity), 2022, No. 9, pp. 6–16
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The work was carried out within the framework of the state assignment project (no. FWEU-2021-0001) of the fundamental research program of the Russian Federation for 2021–2030.
2. Активный энергетический комплекс: как интегрировать распределенную энергетику в ЕЭС и снизить затраты потребителей АО "СО ЕЭС". – Электроэнергия. Передача и распределение, 2020, № 2(59), с. 26–29.
3. Marnay C., Robio F.J., Siddiqui A.S. Shape of the Microgrid. – IEEE Power Engineering Society Winter Meeting, 2001, DOI: 10.1109/PESW.2001.917022.
4. Karanina E., Bortnikov M. Industrial Microgrids in Russia: Regional Systemic Effects of Its Implementation. – E3S Web of Conferences, 2020, No.164, DOI:10.1051/e3sconf/202016410011.
5. Бык Ф.Л., Епифанцев А.В. Активный энергетический комплекс: правовой эксперимент или "разведка боем"? – Бизнес. Образование. Право, 2021, № 2(55), с. 234–238.
6. Активные энергетические комплексы – первый шаг к промышленным микрогридам в России: экспертно-аналитический доклад. – Энергоэксперт, 2020, № 4(76), с. 4.
7. Gutiérrez-Oliva D., Colmenar-Santos A., Rosales-Asensio E. A Review of the State of the Art of Industrial Microgrids Based on Renewable Energy. – Electronics, 2022, 11(7), DOI:10.3390/electronics11071002.
8. Blake S., O'Sullivan D. Optimization of Distributed Energy Resources in an Inustrial Microgrid. – Procedia CIRP, 2018, vol. 67, pp. 104-109, DOI: 10.3390/electronics11071002.
9. Bektaş Z., Kayakutlu G. Review and Clustering of Optimal Energy Management Problem Studies for Industrial Microgrids. – International Journal of Energy Research, 2021, vol. 45(1), pp. 103–117, DOI:10.1002/er.5652.
10. Amirthalakshmi T.M. et al. A Novel Approach in Hybrid Energy Storage System for Maximizing Solar PV Energy Penetration in Microgrid. – International Journal of Photoenergy, 2022, DOI:10.1155/2022/3559837 I.
11. Кролин А. Изменение климата и действующие обязательства стран по смягчению его последствий в новых экономических условиях. – Энергетическая политика, 2023, № 5(183), с. 20–27.
12. Mustafa M. et al. Hybrid Renewable Power Generation for Modelling and Controlling the Battery Storage Photovoltaic System. – International Journal of Photoenergy, 2022, 9491808, DOI:10.1155/2022/9491808.
13. Суслов К. и др. Анализ развития солнечной энергетики в России. – Энергетическая политика, 2023, № 7(185), с. 26–45.
14. Дзедик В., Усачева И., Моткова А. Анализ эффективности применения накопителей энергии в различных типах электроэнергетических систем. – Энергетическая политика, 2023, № 3(181), c. 62–69.
15. Bernal-Agustín G.L., Dufo-López R. Simulation and Optimization of stand-Alone Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems. – Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2009, vol. 13, No. 8, pp. 2111–2118, DOI:10.1016/j.rser.2009.01.010.
16. Токарев И.С. и др. Алгоритм работы системы накопления энергии в структуре электротехнического комплекса объекта газовой отрасли. – Электричество, 2024, № 4, с. 51–61.
17. Голубчик Т.В., Куликов А.С., Аль-Антаки А.М.А. Опыт применения автоматизированных систем накопления энергии на базе литий-ионных аккумуляторных батарей в автономных солнечно-дизельных электростанциях – Электричество, 2022, № 9, с. 66–75.
18. Violette D. et al. Demand Response: Principles for Regulatory Guidance. – A Policy Paper by the Peak Load Management Alliance (PLMA), 2002, DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.35289.88166.
19. Dabur P., Singh G., Yadav N.K. Electricity Demand Side Management: Various Concept and Prospects. – International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering, 2012, vol. 1(1).
20. Управление спросом в электроэнергетике России: открывающиеся возможности: Экспертно-аналитический доклад / под ред. Ф. Опадчего, Д. Холкина. М.:IDEA библиотека, 2019, 102 с.
21. Glazunova A., Semshchikov E., Negnevitsky M. Measurement verification for power systems with battery energy storage integration. – International Conference on Smart Grids and Energy Systems, 2020, DOI: 10.1109/SGES51519.2020.00079.
22. Мокшин М., Путитов А. Оценка эффективности ветроэнергетики при проектировании с использованием алгоритмического моделирования. – Энергетическая политика, 2023, № 12(191), с. 80–91.
23. Zhu L. et al. Direct Load Control in Microgrids to Enhance the Performance of Integrated Resources Planning. – IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 2015, vol. 51(5), pp. 3553–3560.
24. Обухов С.Г. и др. Анализ энергетических характеристик солнечных батарей при частичном затенении – Электричество, 2022, № 9, с. 6–16.
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Работа выполнена в рамках проекта государственного задания (№ FWEU-2021-0001) программы фундаментальных исследований РФ на 2021–2030 гг.
#
1. Datsko К.А. Energeticheskaya politika – in Russ. (Energy policy), 2020, No. 6(148), pp. 64–75.
2. Elektroenergiya. Peredacha i raspredelenie – in Russ. (Electricity. Transmission and Distribution), 2020, No. 2(59), pp. 26–29.
3. Marnay C., Robio F.J., Siddiqui A.S. Shape of the Microgrid. – IEEE Power Engineering Society Winter Meeting, 2001, DOI: 10.1109/PESW.2001.917022.
4. Karanina E., Bortnikov M. Industrial Microgrids in Russia: Regional Systemic Effects of Its Implementation. – E3S Web of Conferences, 2020, No.164, DOI:10.1051/e3sconf/202016410011.
5. Byk F.L., Epifantsev A.V. Biznes. Obrazovanie. Pravo – in Russ. (Business. Education. Law), 2021, No. 2(55), pp. 234–238.
6. Energoekspert – in Russ. (Energy Expert), 2020, No. 4(76), pp. 4.
7. Gutiérrez-Oliva D., Colmenar-Santos A., Rosales-Asensio E. A Review of the State of the Art of Industrial Microgrids Based on Renewable Energy. – Electronics, 2022, 11(7), DOI:10.3390/electronics11071002.
8. Blake S., O'Sullivan D. Optimization of Distributed Energy Resources in an Industrial Microgrid. – Procedia CIRP, 2018, vol. 67, pp. 104-109, DOI: 10.3390/electronics11071002.
9. Bektaş Z., Kayakutlu G. Review and Clustering of Optimal Energy Management Problem Studies for Industrial Microgrids. – International Journal of Energy Research, 2021, vol. 45(1),pp. 103–117, DOI:10.1002/er.5652.
10. Amirthalakshmi T.M. et al. A Novel Approach in Hybrid Energy Storage System for Maximizing Solar PV Energy Penetration in Microgrid. – International Journal of Photoenergy, 2022, DOI:10.1155/ 2022/3559837 I.
11. Krolin А. Energeticheskaya politika – in Russ. (Energy policy), 2023, No. 5(183), pp. 20–27.
12. Mustafa M. et al. Hybrid Renewable Power Generation for Modelling and Controlling the Battery Storage Photovoltaic System. – International Journal of Photoenergy, 2022, 9491808, DOI:10.1155/2022/9491808.
13. Suslov К. et al. Energeticheskaya politika – in Russ. (Energy policy), 2023, No. 7(185), pp. 26–45.
14. Dzedik V., Usacheva I., Motkova А. Energeticheskaya politika – in Russ. (Energy policy), 2023, No. 3(181), c. 62–69.
15. Bernal-Agustín G.L., Dufo-López R. Simulation and Optimization of stand-Alone Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems. – Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2009, vol. 13, No. 8, pp. 2111–2118, DOI:10.1016/j.rser.2009.01.010.
16. Tokarev I.S. et al. Elektrichestvo – in Russ. (Electricity), 2024, No. 4, pp. 51–61.
17. Golubchik T.V., Kulikov A.S., Al'-Antaki А.М.А. Elektrichestvo – in Russ. (Electricity), 2022, No. 9, pp. 66–75.
18. Violette D. et al. Demand Response: Principles for Regulatory Guidance. – A Policy Paper by the Peak Load Management Alliance (PLMA), 2002, DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.35289.88166.
19. Dabur P., Singh G., Yadav N.K. Electricity Demand Side Management: Various Concept and Prospects. – International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering, 2012, vol. 1(1).
20. Upravlenie sprosom v elektroenergetike Rossii: otkryvayushchiesya vozmozhnosti: Ekspertno-analiticheskiy doklad (Demand Management in the Russian Electric Power Industry: Emerging Opportunities: Expert and Analytical Report) / By Ed. F. Opadchy, D. Holkin. М.: IDEA biblioteka, 2019, 102 p.
21. Glazunova A., Semshchikov E., Negnevitsky M. Measurement verification for power systems with battery energy storage integration. – International Conference on Smart Grids and Energy Systems, 2020, DOI: 10.1109/SGES51519.2020.00079.
22. Mokshin M., Putitov А. Energeticheskaya politika – in Russ. (Energy policy), 2023, 12(191), pp. 80–91.
23. Zhu L. et al. Direct Load Control in Microgrids to Enhance the Performance of Integrated Resources Planning. – IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 2015, vol. 51(5), pp. 3553–3560.
24. Obuhov S.G. et al. Elektrichestvo – in Russ. (Electricity), 2022, No. 9, pp. 6–16
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The work was carried out within the framework of the state assignment project (no. FWEU-2021-0001) of the fundamental research program of the Russian Federation for 2021–2030.
Published
2024-06-27
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