Электромагнитная модель сверхпроводящей кабельной линии постоянного тока для применения в городском электротранспорте
Ключевые слова:
высокотемпературный сверхпроводник 2-го поколения, кабель постоянного тока, модель Кима, критический ток
Аннотация
Статья посвящена анализу возможной конструкции высокотемпературного сверхпроводникового (ВТСП) кабеля постоянного тока, который может быть использован для снижения электропотребления городской железнодорожной системы. Предлагаемое технологическое решение является эффективной альтернативой используемым в густонаселенных районах системам передачи электроэнергии на переменном токе за счет повышения плотности тока и уменьшения сечения кабеля, а также снижения суммарных потерь в электросетях. Проведенное авторами исследование основано на моделировании электромагнитных характеристик коаксиального кабеля постоянного тока с типичными эксплуатационными параметрами: мощность 20 МВт, напряжение 750 В, ток 26,66 кА. Предполагается, что кабельная линия будет реализована на базе ВТСП-ленты YBCO SCS4050 шириной 4 мм и толщиной 0,15 мм компании Superpower. Для расчета максимальной нагрузки кабеля применяется модифицированная анизотропная модель критического состояния Кима. Для моделирования использован пакет программ COMSOL Multiphysics 6.2. Разработанный кабель имеет критическую токовую нагрузку 34,23 кА – на 28 % больше, чем общий транспортный ток кабеля, что указывает на гибкость и корректность предлагаемой конструкции.
Литература
1. Chughtai A. et al. Diagnosis of Energy Crisis of Pakistan and Assessment of DSM as Viable Solution. Engineering Proceedings. – Engineering Proceedings, 2023, vol. 46, No. 1, DOI: 10.3390/engproc2023046035.
2. Ahmad M. et al. Future Prospective of HVDC System in Pakistan. – 4th Int. Conf. on Computing, Mathematics and Engineering Technologies (iCoMET), 2023, DOI: 10.1109/iCoMET57998.2023.10099224.
3. Rasool Y, Zaidi S.A.H., Zafar M.W. Determinants of Carbon Emissions in Pakistan’s Transport Sector. – Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2019, vol. 26 (22), pp. 22907–22921, DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-05504-4.
4. Sohail M.T. et al. Pakistan Management of Green Transportation and Environmental Pollution: A Nonlinear ARDL Analysis. – Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2021, vol. 28 (23), pp. 29046–29055, DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-12654-x.
5. Shah S.H. et al. Sustainability Assessment of Modern Urban Transport and Its Role in the Reduction of Greenhouse Gas Emissions: A Case Study of Metro Bus System (MBS), Lahore. – Kuwait Journal of Science, 2020, vol. 47, No. 2, pp. 67–81.
6. Chervyakov A. et al. Superconducting Electric Lines. – IASS Fact Sheet, 2015, No. 2, DOI: 10.2312/iass.2015.028.
7. Wang Z. et al. Research Status of High Temperature Superconducting Power Cable. – IEEE Int. Conf. on Electrical Engineering, Big Data and Algorithms (EEBDA), 2022, DOI: 10.1109/EEBDA53927.2022.9745003.
8. Hirose M. et al. High Temperature Superconducting (HTS) DC Cable. – SEI Technical Review, 2006, No. 61, pp. 29–35.
9. Zhou Q. et al. Analysis and Methods for HTS DC Cables. – IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 2021, vol. 31, No. 8, DOI: 10.1109/TASC.2021.3108738.
10. Zhang H., Wang Y., Xue J. Electromagnetic Field Analysis of a High Current Capacity DC HTS Cable with Self-shielding Characteristic by 2-D Simulation. – IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 2016, vol. 26, No. 7, DOI: 10.1109/TASC.2016.2590019.
11. Huang W. et al. Electromagnetic Analysis of HTS DC Cables Based on Critical State Model. – IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 2021, vol. 31, No. 5, DOI: 10.1109/TASC.2021.3066110.
12. Калимов А.Г., Баган С., Говор В.М. Моделирование критического состояния сверхпроводниковых катушек в индуктивных накопителях энергии. – Глобальная энергия, 2022, т. 28, № 3, с. 7–17.
13. Hajiri G. et al. Thermal and Electromagnetic Design of DC HTS Cables for the Future French Railway Network. – IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 2021, vol. 31, No. 5, DOI: 10.1109/TASC.2021.3059598.
14. Hajiri G. et al. Design Tools and Optimization for DC HTS Cables for the Future Railway Network in France. – 7th International Workshop on Numerical Modelling of High Temperature Superconductors, 2021.
15. Hajiri G. et al. Design and Modelling Tools for DC HTS Cables for the Future Railway Network in France. – Superconductor Science and Technology, 2022, vol. 35 (2), DOI: 10.1088/1361-6668/ac43c7.
16. Yuan W. Second-Generation High-Temperature Superconducting Coils and Their Applications for Energy Storage. London: Springer, 2011, 145 p.
17. SuperPower 2G HTS Wire Specification [Электрон. ресурс], URL: https://www.superpower-inc.com/specification.aspx (дата обращения 18.08.2025).
18. Kalsi S.S. Applications of High Temperature Superconductors to Electric Power Equipment. Piscataway, U.S.A.: Wiley-IEEE Press, 2011, pp. 20–25.
#
1. Chughtai A. et al. Diagnosis of Energy Crisis of Pakistan and Assessment of DSM as Viable Solution. Engineering Proceedings. – Engineering Proceedings, 2023, vol. 46, No. 1, DOI: 10.3390/engproc2023046035.
2. Ahmad M. et al. Future Prospective of HVDC System in Pakistan. – 4th Int. Conf. on Computing, Mathematics and Engineering Technologies (iCoMET), 2023, DOI: 10.1109/iCoMET57998.2023. 10099224.
3. Rasool Y, Zaidi S.A.H., Zafar M.W. Determinants of Carbon Emissions in Pakistan’s Transport Sector. – Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2019, vol. 26 (22), pp. 22907–22921, DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-05504-4.
4. Sohail M.T. et al. Pakistan Management of Green Transportation and Environmental Pollution: A Nonlinear ARDL Analysis. – Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2021, vol. 28 (23), pp. 29046–29055, DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-12654-x.
5. Shah S.H. et al. Sustainability Assessment of Modern Urban Transport and Its Role in the Reduction of Greenhouse Gas Emissions: A Case Study of Metro Bus System (MBS), Lahore. – Kuwait Journal of Science, 2020, vol. 47, No. 2, pp. 67–81.
6. Chervyakov A. et al. Superconducting Electric Lines. – IASS Fact Sheet, 2015, No. 2, DOI: 10.2312/iass.2015.028.
7. Wang Z. et al. Research Status of High Temperature Su-perconducting Power Cable. – IEEE Int. Conf. on Electrical Engineering, Big Data and Algorithms (EEBDA), 2022, DOI: 10.1109/EEBDA53927.2022.9745003.
8. Hirose M. et al. High Temperature Superconducting (HTS) DC Cable. – SEI Technical Review, 2006, No. 61, pp. 29–35.
9. Zhou Q. et al. Analysis and Methods for HTS DC Cables. – IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 2021, vol. 31, No. 8, DOI: 10.1109/TASC.2021.3108738.
10. Zhang H., Wang Y., Xue J. Electromagnetic Field Analysis of a High Current Capacity DC HTS Cable with Self-shielding Characteristic by 2-D Simulation. – IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 2016, vol. 26, No. 7, DOI: 10.1109/TASC.2016.2590019.
11. Huang W. et al. Electromagnetic Analysis of HTS DC Cables Based on Critical State Model. – IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 2021, vol. 31, No. 5, DOI: 10.1109/TASC.2021.3066110.
12. Kalimov A.G., Bagan S., Govor V.M. Global’naya energiya – in Russ. (Global Energy), 2022, vol. 28, No. 3, pp. 7–17.
13. Hajiri G. et al. Thermal and Electromagnetic Design of DC HTS Cables for the Future French Railway Network. – IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 2021, vol. 31, No. 5, DOI: 10.1109/TASC.2021.3059598.
14. Hajiri G. et al. Design Tools and Optimization for DC HTS Cables for the Future Railway Network in France. – 7th Inter-national Workshop on Numerical Modelling of High Temperature Superconductors, 2021.
15. Hajiri G. et al. Design and Modelling Tools for DC HTS Cables for the Future Railway Network in France. – Superconductor Science and Technology, 2022, vol. 35 (2), DOI: 10.1088/1361-6668/ac43c7.
16. Yuan W. Second-Generation High-Temperature Superconducting Coils and Their Applications for Energy Storage. London: Springer, 2011, 145 p.
17. SuperPower 2G HTS Wire Specification [Electron. resource], URL: https://www.superpower-inc.com/specification.aspx (Access on 18.08.2025).
18. Kalsi S.S. Applications of High Temperature Superconductors to Electric Power Equipment. Piscataway, U.S.A.: Wiley-IEEE Press, 2011, pp. 20–25
2. Ahmad M. et al. Future Prospective of HVDC System in Pakistan. – 4th Int. Conf. on Computing, Mathematics and Engineering Technologies (iCoMET), 2023, DOI: 10.1109/iCoMET57998.2023.10099224.
3. Rasool Y, Zaidi S.A.H., Zafar M.W. Determinants of Carbon Emissions in Pakistan’s Transport Sector. – Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2019, vol. 26 (22), pp. 22907–22921, DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-05504-4.
4. Sohail M.T. et al. Pakistan Management of Green Transportation and Environmental Pollution: A Nonlinear ARDL Analysis. – Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2021, vol. 28 (23), pp. 29046–29055, DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-12654-x.
5. Shah S.H. et al. Sustainability Assessment of Modern Urban Transport and Its Role in the Reduction of Greenhouse Gas Emissions: A Case Study of Metro Bus System (MBS), Lahore. – Kuwait Journal of Science, 2020, vol. 47, No. 2, pp. 67–81.
6. Chervyakov A. et al. Superconducting Electric Lines. – IASS Fact Sheet, 2015, No. 2, DOI: 10.2312/iass.2015.028.
7. Wang Z. et al. Research Status of High Temperature Superconducting Power Cable. – IEEE Int. Conf. on Electrical Engineering, Big Data and Algorithms (EEBDA), 2022, DOI: 10.1109/EEBDA53927.2022.9745003.
8. Hirose M. et al. High Temperature Superconducting (HTS) DC Cable. – SEI Technical Review, 2006, No. 61, pp. 29–35.
9. Zhou Q. et al. Analysis and Methods for HTS DC Cables. – IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 2021, vol. 31, No. 8, DOI: 10.1109/TASC.2021.3108738.
10. Zhang H., Wang Y., Xue J. Electromagnetic Field Analysis of a High Current Capacity DC HTS Cable with Self-shielding Characteristic by 2-D Simulation. – IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 2016, vol. 26, No. 7, DOI: 10.1109/TASC.2016.2590019.
11. Huang W. et al. Electromagnetic Analysis of HTS DC Cables Based on Critical State Model. – IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 2021, vol. 31, No. 5, DOI: 10.1109/TASC.2021.3066110.
12. Калимов А.Г., Баган С., Говор В.М. Моделирование критического состояния сверхпроводниковых катушек в индуктивных накопителях энергии. – Глобальная энергия, 2022, т. 28, № 3, с. 7–17.
13. Hajiri G. et al. Thermal and Electromagnetic Design of DC HTS Cables for the Future French Railway Network. – IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 2021, vol. 31, No. 5, DOI: 10.1109/TASC.2021.3059598.
14. Hajiri G. et al. Design Tools and Optimization for DC HTS Cables for the Future Railway Network in France. – 7th International Workshop on Numerical Modelling of High Temperature Superconductors, 2021.
15. Hajiri G. et al. Design and Modelling Tools for DC HTS Cables for the Future Railway Network in France. – Superconductor Science and Technology, 2022, vol. 35 (2), DOI: 10.1088/1361-6668/ac43c7.
16. Yuan W. Second-Generation High-Temperature Superconducting Coils and Their Applications for Energy Storage. London: Springer, 2011, 145 p.
17. SuperPower 2G HTS Wire Specification [Электрон. ресурс], URL: https://www.superpower-inc.com/specification.aspx (дата обращения 18.08.2025).
18. Kalsi S.S. Applications of High Temperature Superconductors to Electric Power Equipment. Piscataway, U.S.A.: Wiley-IEEE Press, 2011, pp. 20–25.
#
1. Chughtai A. et al. Diagnosis of Energy Crisis of Pakistan and Assessment of DSM as Viable Solution. Engineering Proceedings. – Engineering Proceedings, 2023, vol. 46, No. 1, DOI: 10.3390/engproc2023046035.
2. Ahmad M. et al. Future Prospective of HVDC System in Pakistan. – 4th Int. Conf. on Computing, Mathematics and Engineering Technologies (iCoMET), 2023, DOI: 10.1109/iCoMET57998.2023. 10099224.
3. Rasool Y, Zaidi S.A.H., Zafar M.W. Determinants of Carbon Emissions in Pakistan’s Transport Sector. – Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2019, vol. 26 (22), pp. 22907–22921, DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-05504-4.
4. Sohail M.T. et al. Pakistan Management of Green Transportation and Environmental Pollution: A Nonlinear ARDL Analysis. – Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2021, vol. 28 (23), pp. 29046–29055, DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-12654-x.
5. Shah S.H. et al. Sustainability Assessment of Modern Urban Transport and Its Role in the Reduction of Greenhouse Gas Emissions: A Case Study of Metro Bus System (MBS), Lahore. – Kuwait Journal of Science, 2020, vol. 47, No. 2, pp. 67–81.
6. Chervyakov A. et al. Superconducting Electric Lines. – IASS Fact Sheet, 2015, No. 2, DOI: 10.2312/iass.2015.028.
7. Wang Z. et al. Research Status of High Temperature Su-perconducting Power Cable. – IEEE Int. Conf. on Electrical Engineering, Big Data and Algorithms (EEBDA), 2022, DOI: 10.1109/EEBDA53927.2022.9745003.
8. Hirose M. et al. High Temperature Superconducting (HTS) DC Cable. – SEI Technical Review, 2006, No. 61, pp. 29–35.
9. Zhou Q. et al. Analysis and Methods for HTS DC Cables. – IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 2021, vol. 31, No. 8, DOI: 10.1109/TASC.2021.3108738.
10. Zhang H., Wang Y., Xue J. Electromagnetic Field Analysis of a High Current Capacity DC HTS Cable with Self-shielding Characteristic by 2-D Simulation. – IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 2016, vol. 26, No. 7, DOI: 10.1109/TASC.2016.2590019.
11. Huang W. et al. Electromagnetic Analysis of HTS DC Cables Based on Critical State Model. – IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 2021, vol. 31, No. 5, DOI: 10.1109/TASC.2021.3066110.
12. Kalimov A.G., Bagan S., Govor V.M. Global’naya energiya – in Russ. (Global Energy), 2022, vol. 28, No. 3, pp. 7–17.
13. Hajiri G. et al. Thermal and Electromagnetic Design of DC HTS Cables for the Future French Railway Network. – IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 2021, vol. 31, No. 5, DOI: 10.1109/TASC.2021.3059598.
14. Hajiri G. et al. Design Tools and Optimization for DC HTS Cables for the Future Railway Network in France. – 7th Inter-national Workshop on Numerical Modelling of High Temperature Superconductors, 2021.
15. Hajiri G. et al. Design and Modelling Tools for DC HTS Cables for the Future Railway Network in France. – Superconductor Science and Technology, 2022, vol. 35 (2), DOI: 10.1088/1361-6668/ac43c7.
16. Yuan W. Second-Generation High-Temperature Superconducting Coils and Their Applications for Energy Storage. London: Springer, 2011, 145 p.
17. SuperPower 2G HTS Wire Specification [Electron. resource], URL: https://www.superpower-inc.com/specification.aspx (Access on 18.08.2025).
18. Kalsi S.S. Applications of High Temperature Superconductors to Electric Power Equipment. Piscataway, U.S.A.: Wiley-IEEE Press, 2011, pp. 20–25
