Analytical Characteristics of a Synchronous Generator
Abstract
The basic characteristics of synchronous electric machines are conventionally constructed based on the results of experimental studies. Methods for constructing them based on the results of analytical calculations are not given in the known literature. Therefore, it is difficult to assess the extent to which the analytical design calculation results comply with the requirements specification, and agree with the results of computer simulation and experimental studies. The article describes methods for constructing the main characteristics of synchronous electric machines on the basis of analytical calculations. Mathematical derivations of functions on the basis of a phasor diagram are given. The extended phasor diagram of a salient pole generator and the algorithm of its construction are given. It is shown that the form of some characteristics does not depend on whether the generator is a salient- or nonsalient pole one. The influence of the armature winding reduced resistance, which is characteristic of medium- and low-capacity power machines, is taken into account. The choice of the magnetomotive force value of the inductor for compensating the armature reaction field to maintain the nominal voltage value is substantiated. On the basis of the obtained characteristics, the ultimate overload capacity is estimated. The article also presents a method for evaluating the field winding parameters and the necessary field current regulation depth to ensure the preset voltage stabilization time in response to changes in the connected load value and type. By using the analytical characteristics, the performance of the electrical machine being designed can be evaluated in different modes of its operation, its shortcomings can be revealed, and necessary changes can be introduced already at the preliminary design calculation stage. The proposed analytical formulas can be algorithmized for the possibility to automatically obtain the calculation results in the form of typical conventional diagrams.
References
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