On the Transition to Green Aviation
Keywords:
“green aviation”, atmospheric emissions, electric aircraft, hybrid power plants, switching power voltage converters, plasma actuators, electrohydrodynamic gas flow control systems
Abstract
To solve the problem of harmful emissions into the atmosphere, the principles of “green aviation” have been developed, which are based on optimizing flight schedules, changing the aircraft design, using lightweight composite materials, changing the engine operation principle and design, and the fuel used. The staff of the National Research Center Zhukovsky Institute, working jointly with other institutes, develops the principles of “green aviation”. Over the past few years, specialists of the Zhukovsky Institute have developed a number of powerful switching voltage converters as part of power plants for electric and hybrid aircrafts, in particular, for charging aircraft on-board storage batteries. Owing to the use of modern solid-state electronic components and an ergonomic design, the power plant specific capacity has been brought to a level from units to tens of kW/kg. In the field of low-temperature plasma physics, work is also underway on electrohydrodynamic flow control systems for aircraft, which is of primary importance for increasing aerodynamic and energy efficiency, thus helping solve the environmental problem of reducing harmful emissions, including carbon and nitrogen oxides, and achieve significant fuel saving.
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#
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3. Tarrasón L. et al. Study on Air Quality Impacts of non-LTO Emissions from Aviation. – Norwegian Meteorological Institute, 2004.
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5. Sarkar A.N. Evolving Green Aviation Transport System: A Holistic Approach to Sustainable Green Market Development. – American Journal of Climate Change, 2012, 01 (03), DOI:10.4236/ajcc.2012.13014.
6. Гурьев В.И. и др. Алгоритмы обработки данных высокотемпературного волоконно-оптического датчика температуры в режиме реального времени. – Сборник тезисов VII Всероссийского конгресса молодых ученых. СПб.: Ун-т ИТМО, 2018.
7. Аксарин С.М. и др. Разработка датчика для спектрального мониторинга тепловых процессов в камерах сгорания авиационных газотурбинных двигателей. – Сборник тезисов VII Всероссийского конгресса молодых ученых. СПб.: Ун-т ИТМО, 2018.
8. IPCC, “IPCC Special Report Aviation and the Global Atmosphere,” 1999, 23 p.
9. Филиал ПАО «Корпорация «Иркут» – «Региональные самолёты» [Электрон. ресурс], URL: http://www.scac.ru/ru/products/sukhoi-superjet100/ (дата обращения 10.02.2021).
10. Romeo G., Borello F., Correa G. ENFICA-FC: Design, Realization and Flight Test of All Electric 2-Seat Aircraft Powered by Fuel Cells. – 27th International Congress of the Aeronautical Sciences, 2010.
11. Swaminathan N., Cao Y. An Overview of High-Conversion High-Voltage DC–DC Converters for Electrified Aviation Power Distribution System. – IEEE Transactions on Transportation Electrification, 2020, vol. 6, No. 4, pp. 1740–1754, DOI:10.1109/TTE.2020.3009152.
12. Benegas Jayme D. Evaluation of the Hybrid-Electric Aircraft Project Airbus E-Fan X : дис. – Aircraft Design and Systems Group (AERO), Department of Automotive and Aeronautical Engineering, Hamburg University of Applied Sciences, 2019.
13. Гуров В.И. Уникальный самолет Ту-155 с водородным двигателем. – Двигатель, 2013, № 5, c. 4–6.
14. Channegowda P. et al. Megawatt Class Ultra High Density DC-DC Converters for Future Electric Aircraft Systems. – AIAA Propulsion and Energy 2019 Forum, 2019, DOI:10.2514/6.2019-4518.
15. Moshkunov S.I., Khomich V.Yu., Shershunova E.A. A Buck–Boost Voltage Converter for Charging a Battery on Board Electric Aircraft. – Techn. Phys. Letters, 2020, 46(8), 749-751.
16. Varyukhin A.N. et al. Powerful Switching DC/DC Converter on Silicon Carbide Transistors. – Applied Physics, 2021, (1), pp. 75–81.
17. Hitachi Metals, Ltd Fraunhofer IISB and Hitachi Metals Develop New Technology to Enhance the Power Density in Compact On-Board Chargers. [Электрон. ресурс], URL: https://www.hitachi-metals.co.jp/e/press/news/2019/n0416.html (дата обращения 06.04.2022).
18. Renovis Replace&Repair SRZA [Электрон. ресурс], URL: https://www.renovis.net/servoazionamenti/ (дата обращения 06.04.2022).
19. Шершунова Е.А. и др. Четырехфазный импульсный преобразователь постоянного напряжения для применения в составе гибридных и электрических силовых установок летательных аппаратов. –19 Международная конференция «Авиация и космонавтика», 2020, с. 232–233.
20. Варюхин А.Н. и др. Силовой многофазный импульсный преобразователь для гибридных летательных аппаратов. – Известия Российской академии наук. Энергетика, 2019, № 6, с. 121–129.
21. Варюхин А. Н. и др. Об использовании многофазных повышающих импульсных преобразователей в составе силовых установок для зеленой авиации. – Тезисы докладов Научно-практической конференции учёных России и Хорватии, 2019, с. 192–194.
22. Варюхин А.Н. и др. Оптимизация архитектуры силовой установки гибридного летательного аппарата. – Электричество, 2021, № 8, с. 4–12.
23. Варюхин А.Н. и др. Мощный преобразователь напряжения для заряда АКБ на борту летательного аппарата с гибридной силовой установкой. – Доклады Российской академии наук. Физика, технические науки, 2022, т. 503, № 1. с. 63–68.
24. Gohardani A.S., Doulgeris G., Singh R. Challenges of Future Aircraft Propulsion: A Review of Distributed Propulsion Technology and Its Potential Application for the All-Electric Commercial Aircraft. – Progress in Aerospace Sciences, 2011, vol. 47, No. 5, pp. 369–391.
25. Moshkunov S.I. et al. Electrohydrodynamic Effect Resulting from High-Frequency Barrier Discharge in Gas. – Plasma Physics Reports, 2012, vol. 38, No. 13, pp. 1040–1045, DOI:10.1134/S1063780X1208020X.
26. Baranov S.A. et al. Experimental Cross-Flow Control in a 3D Boundary Layer by Multi-Discharge Plasma Actuators. – Aerospace Science and Technology, 2021, vol. 112, p. 106643.
27. Chernyshev S.L., Kiselev A.P., Kuryachii A.P. Laminar Flow Control Research at TsAGI: Past and Present. – Progress in Aerospace Sciences, 2011, vol. 47, No. 3, pp. 169–185.
28. Benard N., Moreau E. Electrical and Mechanical Characteristics of Surface AC Dielectric Barrier Discharge Plasma Actuators Applied to Airflow Control. – Experiments in Fluids, 2014, vol. 55, No.11, pp.1–43.
29. Гамируллин М.Д. и др. Исследование упрощенной схемы набора плазменных актуаторов для управления течением в пограничном слое. – Ученые записки ЦАГИ, 2014, т. 45, № 6, c. 28–35.
30. Abbas A., De Vicente J., Valero E. Aerodynamic Technologies to Improve Aircraft Performance. – Aerospace Science and Technology, 2013, vol. 28, No.1, pp. 100–132.
31. Arnal D., Casalis G. Laminar-turbulent transition prediction in three-dimensional flows //Progress in Aerospace Sciences, 2000, vol. 36, No. 2, pp. 173–191.
32. Amitay M., Glezer A. Role of Actuation Frequency in Controlled Flow Reattachment over a Stalled Airfoil. – AIAA Journal, 2002, vol. 40(2), pp. 209–216, DOI:10.2514/2.1662.
33. Amitay M., Glezer A. Controlled Transients of Flow Reattachment over Stalled Airfoils. – International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow, 2002, vol. 23(5), pp. 690–699, DOI:10.1016/S0142-727X(02)00165-0.
34. Konstantinidis E. Active Control of Bluff-Body Flows Using Plasma Actuators. – Actuators, 2019, vol. 8(3), DOI:10.3390/act8030066.
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2022-12-19
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