Разработка низкотокового ВТСП-кабеля переменного тока
Ключевые слова:
потери на переменном токе, ВТСП-лента, стопка ВТСП-лент, бифилярный ВТСП-кабель
Аннотация
В настоящее время существует большое количество проектов, посвященных электрическим машинам c обмотками из высокотемпературных сверхпроводников (ВТСП), предназначенным для использования в перспективном транспорте. Номинальный ток таких машин как правило значительно меньше 1 кА, что является слишком низким значением для их питания ВТСП-кабелями, разработанными для электроэнергетики, где ток может достигать 10 кА. С другой стороны, подключение, например, электрогенератора с криогенным охлаждением и его нагрузки (которая, скорее всего, также будет иметь криогенное охлаждение) медными проводами на борту транспортного средства неэффективно. Статья посвящена разработке концепции системы передачи переменного тока для машин с номинальным током меньше 1 кА посредством ВТСП-кабеля. Для того чтобы добиться компактности конструкции, было решено использовать кабель, состоящий из стопок ВТСП-лент. Проведена серия экспериментов с различным количеством лент и направлений тока в них для стопок из 2, 4 и 6 ВТСП-лент. Результаты экспериментов были сопоставлены с результатами конечно-элементного моделирования. Показано, что при токах в соседних ВТСП-лентах кабеля, имеющих противоположные направления подобно бифилярным обмоткам, можно достичь значительно более низкого уровня потерь на ленту, чем при согласном направлении тока в лентах кабеля.
Литература
1. Yanamoto T. et al. Loss Analysis of a 3-MW High-Temperature Superconducting Ship Propulsion Motor. – IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 2018, vol. 28, No. 4, pp. 8–13, DOI: 10.1109/TASC.2018.2815712.
2. Moon H. et al. An Introduction to the Design and Fabrication Progress of a Megawatt Class 2G HTS Motor for the Ship Propulsion Application. – Superconductor Science and Technology, 2016, vol. 29, No. 3, DOI:10.1088/0953-2048/29/3/034009.
3. Haran K.S. et al. High Power Density Superconducting Rotating Machines – Development Status and Technology Road-map. – Superconductor Science and Technology, 2017, vol. 30 (12), DOI:10.1088/1361-6668/aa833e.
4. Ivanov N. et al. Calculation, Design, and Winding Preliminary Tests of 90-kW HTS Machine for Small-Scale Demonstrator of Generating System for Future Aircraft with Hybrid Propulsion System. – IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 2023, vol. 33 (2), DOI:10.1109/TASC.2022.32287045.
5. Malozemoff A.P., Yuan J., Rey C.M. High-Temperature Superconducting (HTS) AC Cables for Power Grid Applications, 2015, DOI:10.1016/B978-1-78242-029-3.00005-4.
6. Sytnikov V.E. et al. The Test Results of AC and DC HTS Cables in Russia. – IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 2016, vol. 26 (3), DOI:10.1109/TASC.2016.2535150.
7. Фетисов С.С., Зубко В.В. Базовые технологии изготовления силовых кабелей на основе высокотемпературных сверхпроводников второго поколения. – Электричество, 2021, № 6, с. 12–24.
8. Zubko V.V. et al. AC Losses Analysis in Stack of 2G HTS Tapes in a Coil. – Journal of Physics Conference Series, 2020, vol. 1559 (1), DOI:10.1088/1742-6596/1559/1/012115.
9. Ahn M.C. et al. Manufacture and Test of Small-Scale Super-conducting Fault Current Limiter by Using the Bifilar Winding of Coated Conductor. – IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 2006, vol. 16 (2), pp. 646–649, DOI:10.1109/TASC.2006.870522.
10. Schmidt W., Gamble B. Design and Test of Current Limiting Modules Using YBCO-Coated Conductors. – Superconductor Science and Technology, 2009, vol. 23 (1), DOI:10.1088/0953-2048/23/1/014024.
11. Clem J.R. Field and Current Distributions and AC Losses in a Bifilar Stack of Superconducting Strips. – Physical review. B, 2008, vol. 77, DOI:10.1103/PhysRevB.77.134506.
12. Song W. et al. Transport AC Loss Measurements in Bifilar Stacks Composed of YBCO Coated Conductors. – IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 2018, vol. 28 (4), DOI:10.1109/TASC. 2018.2805307.
13. Gomory F. et al. AC Losses in Coated Conductors. – Superconductor Science and Technology, 2010, vol. 23, No. 3, DOI:10.1088/0953-2048/23/3/034012.
14. Zubko V.V., Zanegin S.Yu., Fetisov S.S. Models for Optimization and AC Losses Analysis in a 2G HTS Cable. – Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2021, vol. 2043(1), DOI:10.1088/1742-6596/2043/1/012004.
15. Занегин С.Ю. и др. Экспериментальное и численное исследование потерь в ВТСП катушках переменного тока. – Электротехника, 2022, № 6, с. 65–70.
#
1. Yanamoto T. et al. Loss Analysis of a 3-MW High-Temperature Superconducting Ship Propulsion Motor. – IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 2018, vol. 28, No. 4, pp. 8–13, DOI: 10.1109/TASC.2018.2815712.
2. Moon H. et al. An Introduction to the Design and Fabrication Progress of a Megawatt Class 2G HTS Motor for the Ship Propulsion Application. – Superconductor Science and Technology, 2016, vol. 29, No. 3, DOI:10.1088/0953-2048/29/3/034009.
3. Haran K.S. et al. High Power Density Superconducting Rotating Machines – Development Status and Technology Road-map. – Superconductor Science and Technology, 2017, vol. 30 (12), DOI:10.1088/1361-6668/aa833e.
4. Ivanov N. et al. Calculation, Design, and Winding Preliminary Tests of 90-kW HTS Machine for Small-Scale Demonstrator of Generating System for Future Aircraft with Hybrid Propulsion System. – IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 2023, vol. 33 (2), DOI:10.1109/TASC.2022.32287045.
5. Malozemoff A.P., Yuan J., Rey C.M. High-Temperature Superconducting (HTS) AC Cables for Power Grid Applications, 2015, DOI:10.1016/B978-1-78242-029-3.00005-4.
6. Sytnikov V.E. et al. The Test Results of AC and DC HTS Cables in Russia. – IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 2016, vol. 26 (3), DOI:10.1109/TASC.2016.2535150.
7. Fetisov S.S., Zubko V.V. Elektrichestvo – in Russ. (Electricity), 2021, No. 6, pp. 12–24.
8. Zubko V.V. et al. AC Losses Analysis in Stack of 2G HTS Tapes in a Coil. – Journal of Physics Conference Series, 2020, vol. 1559 (1), DOI:10.1088/1742-6596/1559/1/012115.
9. Ahn M.C. et al. Manufacture and Test of Small-Scale Super-conducting Fault Current Limiter by Using the Bifilar Winding of Coated Conductor. – IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 2006, vol. 16 (2), pp. 646–649, DOI:10.1109/TASC.2006.870522.
10. Schmidt W., Gamble B. Design and Test of Current Limiting Modules Using YBCO-Coated Conductors. – Superconductor Sci-ence and Technology, 2009, vol. 23 (1), DOI:10.1088/0953-2048/23/1/ 014024.
11. Clem J.R. Field and Current Distributions and AC Losses in a Bifilar Stack of Superconducting Strips. – Physical review. B, 2008, vol. 77, DOI:10.1103/PhysRevB.77.134506.
12. Song W. et al. Transport AC Loss Measurements in Bifilar Stacks Composedof YBCO Coated Conductors. – IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 2018, vol. 28 (4), DOI:10.1109/TASC. 2018.2805307.
13. Gomory F. et al. AC Losses in Coated Conductors. – Superconductor Science and Technology, 2010, vol. 23, No. 3, DOI:10.1088/0953-2048/23/3/034012.
14. Zubko V.V., Zanegin S.Yu., Fetisov S.S. Models for Optimization and AC Losses Analysis in a 2G HTS Cable. – Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2021, vol. 2043(1), DOI:10.1088/1742-6596/2043/1/012004.
15. Zanegin S.Yu. et al. Elektrotekhnika – in Russ. (Electrical Engineering), 2022, No. 6, pp. 65–70
2. Moon H. et al. An Introduction to the Design and Fabrication Progress of a Megawatt Class 2G HTS Motor for the Ship Propulsion Application. – Superconductor Science and Technology, 2016, vol. 29, No. 3, DOI:10.1088/0953-2048/29/3/034009.
3. Haran K.S. et al. High Power Density Superconducting Rotating Machines – Development Status and Technology Road-map. – Superconductor Science and Technology, 2017, vol. 30 (12), DOI:10.1088/1361-6668/aa833e.
4. Ivanov N. et al. Calculation, Design, and Winding Preliminary Tests of 90-kW HTS Machine for Small-Scale Demonstrator of Generating System for Future Aircraft with Hybrid Propulsion System. – IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 2023, vol. 33 (2), DOI:10.1109/TASC.2022.32287045.
5. Malozemoff A.P., Yuan J., Rey C.M. High-Temperature Superconducting (HTS) AC Cables for Power Grid Applications, 2015, DOI:10.1016/B978-1-78242-029-3.00005-4.
6. Sytnikov V.E. et al. The Test Results of AC and DC HTS Cables in Russia. – IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 2016, vol. 26 (3), DOI:10.1109/TASC.2016.2535150.
7. Фетисов С.С., Зубко В.В. Базовые технологии изготовления силовых кабелей на основе высокотемпературных сверхпроводников второго поколения. – Электричество, 2021, № 6, с. 12–24.
8. Zubko V.V. et al. AC Losses Analysis in Stack of 2G HTS Tapes in a Coil. – Journal of Physics Conference Series, 2020, vol. 1559 (1), DOI:10.1088/1742-6596/1559/1/012115.
9. Ahn M.C. et al. Manufacture and Test of Small-Scale Super-conducting Fault Current Limiter by Using the Bifilar Winding of Coated Conductor. – IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 2006, vol. 16 (2), pp. 646–649, DOI:10.1109/TASC.2006.870522.
10. Schmidt W., Gamble B. Design and Test of Current Limiting Modules Using YBCO-Coated Conductors. – Superconductor Science and Technology, 2009, vol. 23 (1), DOI:10.1088/0953-2048/23/1/014024.
11. Clem J.R. Field and Current Distributions and AC Losses in a Bifilar Stack of Superconducting Strips. – Physical review. B, 2008, vol. 77, DOI:10.1103/PhysRevB.77.134506.
12. Song W. et al. Transport AC Loss Measurements in Bifilar Stacks Composed of YBCO Coated Conductors. – IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 2018, vol. 28 (4), DOI:10.1109/TASC. 2018.2805307.
13. Gomory F. et al. AC Losses in Coated Conductors. – Superconductor Science and Technology, 2010, vol. 23, No. 3, DOI:10.1088/0953-2048/23/3/034012.
14. Zubko V.V., Zanegin S.Yu., Fetisov S.S. Models for Optimization and AC Losses Analysis in a 2G HTS Cable. – Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2021, vol. 2043(1), DOI:10.1088/1742-6596/2043/1/012004.
15. Занегин С.Ю. и др. Экспериментальное и численное исследование потерь в ВТСП катушках переменного тока. – Электротехника, 2022, № 6, с. 65–70.
#
1. Yanamoto T. et al. Loss Analysis of a 3-MW High-Temperature Superconducting Ship Propulsion Motor. – IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 2018, vol. 28, No. 4, pp. 8–13, DOI: 10.1109/TASC.2018.2815712.
2. Moon H. et al. An Introduction to the Design and Fabrication Progress of a Megawatt Class 2G HTS Motor for the Ship Propulsion Application. – Superconductor Science and Technology, 2016, vol. 29, No. 3, DOI:10.1088/0953-2048/29/3/034009.
3. Haran K.S. et al. High Power Density Superconducting Rotating Machines – Development Status and Technology Road-map. – Superconductor Science and Technology, 2017, vol. 30 (12), DOI:10.1088/1361-6668/aa833e.
4. Ivanov N. et al. Calculation, Design, and Winding Preliminary Tests of 90-kW HTS Machine for Small-Scale Demonstrator of Generating System for Future Aircraft with Hybrid Propulsion System. – IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 2023, vol. 33 (2), DOI:10.1109/TASC.2022.32287045.
5. Malozemoff A.P., Yuan J., Rey C.M. High-Temperature Superconducting (HTS) AC Cables for Power Grid Applications, 2015, DOI:10.1016/B978-1-78242-029-3.00005-4.
6. Sytnikov V.E. et al. The Test Results of AC and DC HTS Cables in Russia. – IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 2016, vol. 26 (3), DOI:10.1109/TASC.2016.2535150.
7. Fetisov S.S., Zubko V.V. Elektrichestvo – in Russ. (Electricity), 2021, No. 6, pp. 12–24.
8. Zubko V.V. et al. AC Losses Analysis in Stack of 2G HTS Tapes in a Coil. – Journal of Physics Conference Series, 2020, vol. 1559 (1), DOI:10.1088/1742-6596/1559/1/012115.
9. Ahn M.C. et al. Manufacture and Test of Small-Scale Super-conducting Fault Current Limiter by Using the Bifilar Winding of Coated Conductor. – IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 2006, vol. 16 (2), pp. 646–649, DOI:10.1109/TASC.2006.870522.
10. Schmidt W., Gamble B. Design and Test of Current Limiting Modules Using YBCO-Coated Conductors. – Superconductor Sci-ence and Technology, 2009, vol. 23 (1), DOI:10.1088/0953-2048/23/1/ 014024.
11. Clem J.R. Field and Current Distributions and AC Losses in a Bifilar Stack of Superconducting Strips. – Physical review. B, 2008, vol. 77, DOI:10.1103/PhysRevB.77.134506.
12. Song W. et al. Transport AC Loss Measurements in Bifilar Stacks Composedof YBCO Coated Conductors. – IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 2018, vol. 28 (4), DOI:10.1109/TASC. 2018.2805307.
13. Gomory F. et al. AC Losses in Coated Conductors. – Superconductor Science and Technology, 2010, vol. 23, No. 3, DOI:10.1088/0953-2048/23/3/034012.
14. Zubko V.V., Zanegin S.Yu., Fetisov S.S. Models for Optimization and AC Losses Analysis in a 2G HTS Cable. – Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2021, vol. 2043(1), DOI:10.1088/1742-6596/2043/1/012004.
15. Zanegin S.Yu. et al. Elektrotekhnika – in Russ. (Electrical Engineering), 2022, No. 6, pp. 65–70
