Использование искусственных грозовых облаков/ячеек для исследования проблем физики молнии и молниезащиты
Ключевые слова:
молния, молниезащита наземных объектов и летательных аппаратов, искусственное грозовое облако, экспериментальный комплекс «ГРОЗА», электрический разряд
Аннотация
В статье рассматриваются актуальные вопросы физики молнии и молниезащиты, которые для своего решения требуют новых экспериментальных подходов. Среди них процессы инициирования молнии, формирования главной стадии разряда молнии, особенности процессов поражения молнией наземных объектов и самолетов и совершенствования методов их молниезащиты. Одним из таких подходов является использование искусственных грозовых облаков/ячеек и электрических разрядов из них для физического моделирования процессов поражения молнией наземных объектов и летательных аппаратов. Сформулированы требования к экспериментальным комплексам для исследования физики молнии и молниезащиты наземных объектов и летательных аппаратов с использованием искусственных грозовых облаков/ячеек. Дан обзор современного состояния по проблеме создания сильно заряженных аэрозольных образований (искусственных грозовых облаков/ячеек), способных инициировать электрические разряды различного вида. Представлены основные характеристики и возможности экспериментально-измерительного комплекса «ГРОЗА». Сделаны выводы о перспективах использования искусственных грозовых облаков/ячеек и электрических разрядов из них при физическом моделировании и исследовании ряда ключевых проблем физики молнии и молниезащиты наземных объектов и летательных аппаратов.
Литература
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#
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